| Background: Multidisciplinary management program (MMP) or exercise training program (ETP) is cost-effective in treating heart failure patients compared with usual care (UC), but no comparison across these three strategies has been made.;Objective: To estimate and compare the cost-effectiveness of MMP, ETP, or UC.;Design: Cohort simulations using a Markov model.;Data Sources: Derived from literature.;Participants: Heart failure (HF) patients aged 56-80 years old. Time horizon: 10 years.;Intervention: UC, MMP (including disease education and continuous social and psychological support) and ETP (including exercise training and the basic support in MMP).;Outcome Measures: Life-year saved, lifetime costs, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) as measured by cost per life-year saved.;Results of Base-Case Analysis: UC yielded 6.75 life-years saved, MMP 7.12 life-years saved, and ETP 7.93 life-years saved. The associated costs were ;Results of Sensitivity Analysis: The ICERs ranged from ;Limitation: No trials have directly compared MMP with ETP; different sources of input data.;Conclusion: In patients with heart failure, MMP and ETP appear to be cost-effective. |
