| Osteoporosis is a disease in which bone mineral density is reduced, making the bone brittle. Two different imaging techniques, Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and Microwave imaging, are proposed for osteoporosis detection.;The OCT system was calibrated by measuring the thickness of a microscope cover slip. The microscope cover slip was replaced by a cortical bone sample and was scanned. Different morphological image processing techniques were applied to the image and the variance was found in order to identify porosity between compact bone and cancellous bone. The variance of the compact bone was higher than that of cancellous bone. Difference in porosity was found using OCT but more experiments will be needed in order to determine that OCT could be used to find difference in porosity.;In order to implement the microwave technique the reflection coefficient was calculated for a layered cylinder using Matlab and was calculated for a realistic tissue-bone model using a finite element package. The simulations, using the finite element package, were carried out with the permittivity and conductivity reduced by 5 percent in the bone to simulate loss of bone density and without reducing it. There was no difference between the total electric field calculated for both simulations. Other non-invasive methods have to be explored. |
