| Cortical bone is an important site for the early stabilization of endosseous implants, the regenerative capacity of which is not well understood. To study peri-implant cortical bone healing in the absence of marrow cavity tissues, and hence the true regenerative capacity of cortical bone, a rat femur model was developed in which "cortical plate" implants were tied to chiselled non-medullary canal-penetrating defects on the outer cortex. Tensile testing following sample retrieval at 1-, 3-, and 5-week endpoints showed that implants that had received a nanomaterial calcium phosphate treatment exhibited enhanced fixation with the cortical bone, compared to untreated implants. Fractured bone tissue, indicating bone-bonding, was observed by FESEM on post-tensile testing implants as early as the 1-week endpoint, mediated through a non-collagenous interfacial cement line matrix. Further, BSEI and histology analyses showed that peri-implant cortical bone healing isolated from marrow cavity tissues could occur by both contact and distance osteogenesis. |
