| This thesis provides a broad and cohesive analysis of the internal and external forces that converged in the Afghan political theatre between the years of 1919 to 1933, which produced the irreversible multifaceted dependency and the long lasting anti-western tendencies. The internal factors were comprised of the social, political and economic policies that reestablished the dangerous foundation of the religious dominated conservatism and tribalism. There external elements were the imperialist policies of Great Britain and Soviet Union, the Stock Market Crash, and the emergence of the anti-secular Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt. The byproducts of the above factors produced the failure of Afghan modernization and the religious radicalization which is fueling today's "War on Terrorism," and contributed to the failure of Afghan modernization. |
