| This research addresses campus emergency evacuation routing and planning to minimize transportation Network Clearing Time (NCT ). In this research, discrete-event simulation modeling has been applied to the campus transportation network at Binghamton University (BU). Multiple parking lots, intersections and possible exits are considered in the campus transportation network. In the simulation models, Nearest Exit (NE), Dynamic Exit Allocation (DEA), and Continuous Traffic Coordination (CTC)) strategies are applied for optimal emergency evacuation routing. According to the BU emergency management plan, different emergency scenarios, such as forest fire, chemical spill, and campus shooting have been developed to validate the simulation models based on different routing strategies. The configuration of the campus transportation network has been modified based on different emergency scenarios, and optimal evacuation planning decisions are proposed by experimental results. The experimental results indicate that CTC performs better than NE and DEA in terms of NCT (38.5% less than NE and 7.1% less than DEA). The bottleneck congestion is also alleviated under CTC, with congestion end time 42% earlier than DEA and 58% earlier than NE. The proposed campus evacuation strategies have been validated by the campus emergency management office and considered as part of a university emergency response plan. |
