A dual-proxy reconstruction of latest Pleistocene upwelling in the Benguela current system

The goal of this project was to evaluate latest Pleistocene upwelling history for the Benguela Current System using species abundance data (Neoglobogerina pachyderma and others) and seawater temperature estimates from Globigerina bulloides Mg/Ca.; These records provide a history of upwelling within the Benguela Current for the latest Pleistocene, with expansions and contractions in the zone of coastal upwelling. The pace of change in upwelling does not follow a simple glacial-interglacial pattern. Strong, coastal upwelling conditions with a widening of the upwelling zone occur from 55-68 k.y. and 7-10 k.y. Contraction of the upwelling zone was seen from 45-55 k.y. and 10-15 k.y. At no time in the past 68 k.y. did open oceanic conditions occur over Site 1085B.