Does China's Manufacturing Firms Embedding Into The GVC Narrow The Technology Gap Of Sino-US?

Against the backdrop of Sino-US trade frictions,the United States imposed tariffs on China,imposed high-tech import restrictions,and built high trade barriers.At the same time,Trump actively promoted tax reforms to promote the return of U.S.manufacturing,which led to the transfer of production links and breaking the current situation.There is a global value chain division of labor and a trading system.Especially in the context of the global spread of the novel coronavirus epidemic this year,other countries,especially Western countries,have begun to re-examine the issue of the global value chain relying heavily on China.The dual factors of "reverse globalization" and the global spread of the epidemic have also increased.Intensified the volatility brought about by the reconstruction of the world economic order,and this increased volatility will inevitably bring great pressure to both the supply side and the consumption side of China 's global value chain,and will inevitably lead to the global value chain especially in the high-tech field.Reconstruction of the global value chain.In fact,since joining the WTO,China has entered the global value chain through processing trade and has gradually become one of the three global value chain centers(the other two are the United States and Germany).However,scholars are inconsistent as to whether China's embedded global value chain has promoted technological progress.In the face of such inconsistencies,this article can't help thinking: Does the embedding of Chinese manufacturing companies in the global value chain narrow the technological gap between China and the United States? Are there any problems with China's current participation in the global value chain,which focuses on processing trade,and how should it promote the transformation of trade mode? What are the differences between different heterogeneous companies participating in the global value chain and narrowing the technological gap between China and the United States? Under the reconstruction of the global value chain,what countermeasures should China make?In order to solve the above problems,this paper combs through the literature and finds that there are few literatures that study the impact of enterprise embedding in the global value chain on the technology gap,while both the research on the impact of enterprise embedding in the global value chain on the technological level and the impact of enterprise technology gap on the technology spillover effect exist.The three results of promotion,inhibition and comprehensive action have not obtained consistent research conclusions.In view of the above results,this article boldly speculates that the impact of companies embedding global value chains on technology gaps is not a simple linear relationship,but a non-linear relationship.In order to verify the above guess,this article first uses the combined data of the "China Industrial Enterprise Database" and the "China Customs Import and Export Trade Database" to estimate the foreign value-added rate of exports of Chinese manufacturing companies,and further merges the "NBER US Manufacturing Productivity Database " The technology gap between China and the United States has been measured.Next,using the two-way fixed-effect panel model,the IV-GMM model was subjected to preliminary empirical analysis and verified the guess.Further,in this paper,the generalized propensity score matching method is used to estimate the "dose response" function to obtain the Sino-US technology gap under each global value chain embedding degree,and the global value chain of Chinese manufacturing enterprises is obtained through the "processing effect" function.The "moderate interval" between the embedding degree and the technological gap between China and the United States,and based on some heterogeneity of regions and enterprises,conducted a robustness test and scalability analysis.This paper draws the following research conclusions:(1)The impact of enterprise global value chain embedding on the Sino-US technology gap has a stable "N" relationship,that is,as the enterprise global value chain embedding increases,the Sino-US technology gap will "Increase" and then "shrink" and then "increase",the "appropriate range" of enterprises embedded in the global value chain is [0.23,0.77];(2)Central,western and domestic-funded enterprises are more vulnerable than eastern and foreign-funded enterprises The positive impact of the technology spillover effect embedded in the global value chain;(3)The embedding of general trading companies in the global value chain has narrowed the gap between China and the United States,and the embedding of processing trade companies in the global value chain has not narrowed the gap between the technology in China and the United States;(4)Technology-intensive enterprises Compared with labor-intensive and capital-intensive enterprises,it is easier to absorb advanced technology at the beginning,but in the process of further global value chain embedding,its effect on narrowing the technology gap between China and the United States is not as good as that of the other two enterprises.Finally,based on the analysis results and the current situation,the article summarizes and puts forward some suggestions.