Study On The Regional Differences Of Chian's Retail Industry's Operation Efficiency

Since China's accession to the World Trade Organization and the comprehensive development of retail industry,the consumption capacity of residents has been continuously improved,the Internet technology and information technology have been continuously innovated and upgraded,the retail industry has gradually become an important part of the circulation industry,and the contribution and pulling effect of consumption on the national economy has gradually increased.However,since 2012,the retail industry has faced multiple pressures,including the macroeconomic downturn,the aggravation of foreign retail entry,the backward management level and the lack of long-term development strategy.The growth rate of retail sales has declined and entered the stage of low-speed and intensive development.At the same time,the development of retail industry in various regions is unbalanced and there are great differences.At present,the retail industry starts to seek innovation and change,change the development mode,and seek high-quality development.To achieve these goals,the key is to improve the total factor productivity,and then improve the business efficiency.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the change of total factor productivity of retail industry for improving the output value of retail industry and balancing the regional development of retail industry.Firstly,the paper elaborates the theoretical basis of input-output theory,total factor productivity theory and regional economic coordinated development theory,and combs the research results of the development and application of total factor productivity and the efficiency of retail industry at home and abroad.Then,the paper analyzes the current situation of China's retail industry in recent years from the aspects of the overall scale,structural change,operating efficiency and regional differences,and draws the following conclusions: in recent years,the retail industry has maintained a considerable growth,but the growth rate has slowed down;the industry concentration has declined,the number of small and medium-sized enterprises in the industry is large and the degree of organization is low,and there is a lack of retail giants;the business structure is increasingly diversified In 2010-2018,supermarkets,specialty stores and gas stations were the top three retail formats;in 2005-2018,the comprehensive technical efficiency did not significantly improve and was in the shape of "inverted W",which was mainly caused by the change of scale efficiency;in the four regions,the retail industry in terms of industry scale,chain operation degree,foreign investment tendency and new retail development There are imbalance problems,and in a long time,they are "the highest in the East,the second in the middle,the third in the northeast and the lowest in the west".Then,the DEA Malmquist index method is used to measure and decompose the total factor productivity of China's retail industry.The results show that the total factor productivity of China's retail industry in 2018 has increased by 3.7% compared with that in 2005,and the growth momentum of the whole country and all regions comes from technological progress,while the decline of technological efficiency has reduced the total factor productivity;from the perspective of regional space The tfpch mean value is greater than 1,that is to say,the tfpch increase is also driven by technological progress.The specific form is: the highest in the East,the second in the west,the third in the middle,and the lowest in the northeast.From the perspective of regional spatial and temporal evolution,the trend of tfpch change in the four regions is not the same.The specific situation is: the Northeast continues to decline,and the East continues to decline It is found that the catching-up effect of retail industry in the central and western regions is obvious,and it is moving towards the eastern region,while the catching-up effect in the northeast is weak.At the same time,using Tobit regression model,this paper analyzes the specific impact of six factors on TFP of retail industry from the national and regional levels,and concludes that the impact of opening up,logistics development,urbanization,per capita GDP,foreign capital utilization,human capital on TFP of retail industry in the whole country and four regions is not completely consistent,as follows: The degree of openness has a restraining effect on the total factor productivity of the retail industry in the northeast and western regions,a significant positive effect on the eastern region,but not a significant effect on the whole country and the central region;the turnover of goods has no significant effect on the total factor productivity of the retail industry in the northeast region,but a significant negative effect on the whole country and the rest three regions;the level of urbanization only affects the retail industry in the northeast region Total factor productivity has a significant positive effect on the whole country and other three regions;GDP per capita has a significant positive effect on the total factor productivity of retail industry in the whole country,the East,the middle and the west regions,but not in the northeast region;the utilization of foreign capital only has a significant positive effect on the total factor productivity of retail industry in the East,which has a significant positive effect on other regions Human capital has a significant inhibitory effect on the total factor productivity of retail industry in Northeast China,and has a significant promoting effect on the whole country and other regions.Finally,according to the theoretical and empirical research,combined with the national and regional retail industry development characteristics,in order to achieve coordinated,green and sustainable development,targeted suggestions are put forward to improve the operation efficiency of retail industry and reduce regional development differences,as follows:(1)vigorously develop regional economy,improve the purchasing power of residents,improve the performance of retail industry;(2)enterprises and high The University jointly trains retail talents and improves the quality of retail talents;(3)promotes the deep integration of big data,artificial intelligence and retail industry,and improves the scale and output value of intelligent retail;(4)promotes the deep integration of big data,artificial intelligence and logistics industry,and improves the "Digital" level of logistics industry;(5)adheres to the development of foreign trade,and improves the utilization rate of foreign investment in retail industry.