Research On The Policy Of Agricultural Ecological Subsidy In Shanghai

The continuous advancement of modern agriculture is undoubtedly in terms of safeguarding people's supply of rations and enriching people's material needs.However,it is undeniable that it is increasingly producing many negative externalities.The agro-ecological environment closely related to agricultural production is showing a recession.A variety of irrational behaviors lead to excessive consumption of agricultural resources,aggravation of agricultural ecological damage,agricultural environmental pollution,and frequent agricultural natural disasters.The overlapping of these problems restricts the green,benign and sustainable development of China's agriculture,and it is contrary to the construction of ecological civilization.The implementation of the agro-ecological subsidy policy in 2004 has aggravated the destruction of the agricultural ecological environment to some extent.In recent years,the party and the state have revised and reflected on the previous agricultural subsidy policies,revised and improved the traditional agricultural subsidies,and explored the implementation of the agricultural ecological subsidy policy,which is based on green ecology and promotes the comprehensive utilization of agricultural resources and ecology.This paper sorts out the specific content,implementation effect and dilemma of Shanghai's agricultural ecological subsidy policy from the aspects of agricultural ecological subsidy subject,subsidy object,subsidy standard and policy effect.On this basis,this paper also analyzes relevant foreign experience and practices,and combines the actual situation in Shanghai,and puts forward suggestions and countermeasures to further improve the agricultural ecological subsidy policy.The main findings of this paper are as follows:(1)Shanghai,as a pilot city for China's agricultural ecological subsidy policy,plays a key role of gradual promotion.Since the implementation of the agricultural ecological subsidy policy for several years,it has achieved certain effects in restoring and protecting the agricultural ecological environment and practicing the concept of green ecological agriculture.However,it still faces some difficulties and challenges,such as the path dependence,the inherent production methods are difficult to be transformed in the short term,lacks relevant technologies for restoring and optimizing the agricultural ecological environment,insufficient subsidy funds,lack of quality standard system,socialized service system,supervision and evaluation system,etc.(2)Agro-ecological subsidy policies in developed countries and regions and their implications for China.Developed countries and regions such as the United States,Japan,and the European Union have implemented agricultural ecological subsidy policies for many years,with demonstrated positive outcomes.This paper reviews and analyzes the agro-ecological subsidy policies of the above-mentioned countries and/or regions covering the aspects of subject,object,purpose,standards,and policy effects.And thereupon this paper summarizes and derives the implications for China,including establishing and improving the laws and regulations of agro-ecological subsidy,clarifying the responsibilities and positions of central and local governments in implementing agro-ecological subsidy policies,adapting subsidy standards to local conditions,attaching importance to the scientific and rational design of ecological projects,and establishing a strict supervision and monitoring mechanism.(3)Suggestions on perfecting and upgrading the policy of agricultural ecological subsidy in Shanghai.Aiming at the predicament and existing problems faced by Shanghai agricultural ecological subsidy policy in the process of implementation,on the basis of drawing lessons from foreign relevant experience,combined with the actual situation of Shanghai,this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for the further improvement and optimization of Shanghai agricultural ecological subsidy policy according to local conditions.Including increasing the intensity of ecological subsidies and formulating subsidy standards according to local conditions,adhering to the guiding ideology of government-led and market participation,perfecting the technical support of agricultural ecological subsidies,realizing the organic integration of tradition and modernity,establishing and perfecting the management system of ecological subsidy organization,adjusting and optimizing the system design of the original project of agricultural ecological subsidy,and carrying out the construction of agricultural negative list system in combination with the action plan of Agricultural Ecological environment protection,improving the cultivation system for new agricultural business entities and strengthening the environmental protection publicity work.