Research On The Economic Impact Of The Development Of County-Level Rural Banks In China

From scratch and from small to large,rural banks have not only become an indispensable part of the rural financial service system,but also become an important carrier for the development of Inclusive Finance and the implementation of financial poverty alleviation.In pursuit of profit maximization,rural banks attach importance to product innovation and system innovation,contributing to the service of "agriculture,rural areas and farmers" and "small and micro" enterprises;in particular,their functions of serving "agriculture,rural areas and farmers",which could make up for the lack of service in rural financial market,alleviate the shortage of fund supply in rural areas,and meet the diversified demand of rural finance.It plays an important role in the formation of rural financial market and perfect rural financial system in rural areas.At present,most of the domestic scholars start with the theoretical analysis on the research of the village bank,and study the positioning of the village bank market,the problems existing in the development and the risks faced,and put forward some relevant solutions,but the empirical research on rural banks and economic development is less.In view of this,this paper attempts to summarize the current situation of the development of rural banks,from the perspective of county economy,through empirical analysis,to verify the specific effect of the establishment of rural banks on economic growth.At the same time,starting from the defects of rural finance and considering the problems of developing of rural banks will weaken their role.In addition,other factors also have an impact on the role of rural banks,such as education environment,infrastructure environment,transfer payment,geographical location,etc.,which will affect the effect of rural banks to support local economic growth.Therefore,this paper mainly analyzes the impact of county rural banks on economic growth from the perspectives of financial inhibition theory,financial deepening theory and incomplete competition market theory of rural financial market.To sum up,the framework of this paper is generally divided into: the first chapteranalyzes the role and importance of rural banks in the rural financial system,as well as the theoretical and practical significance of the topic.At the same time,the relevant theories of the existing literature are simply combed,and the research content,research deficiencies and innovation of this paper are analyzed.The second chapter puts the core concepts of this paper: financial inhibition theory,financial deepening theory,rural financial development theory and sustainable development theory of rural banks.Also introduces the current situation and commentary of the research on rural financial system in China as well as the current situation and commentary of the research on rural banks.At the same time,from the theoretical perspective of market positioning,financial symbiosis,inclusive finance,and sustainable development,the theoretical basis for the operation and sustainable development of rural banks is explained,which provides a theoretical basis for the research on the impact of county rural banks on economic development.The third chapter focuses on combing the development process of rural banks,mainly analyzing the background of the current generation of rural banks in China,showing the full picture of the development stage of rural banks,mainly summarized into three growth stages of preliminary exploration,scale expansion and high-quality development,and analyzing the policy evolution of these three stages of rural banks.In addition,it further analyzes the typical characteristics of the formation,spatial distribution and related operation of rural banks.The fourth chapter analyzes the impact of the establishment of rural banks on the economic development by DID.It mainly includes the overall analysis,the heterogeneity analysis,the dynamic analysis and the comparative analysis between the poverty-stricken counties and the non poverty counties.Finally,it makes the relevant robustness test for the model.Chapter five draws the corresponding conclusions according to the empirical analysis.Combined with the empirical conclusions,some policies and suggestions are put forward for the future development of county rural banks.