Research On The Impact Of Income Structure On Operational Risk Of Listed Commercial Banks In China

The completion of the interest rate marketization reform has brought great challenges to the traditional profit model of China's commercial banks,which mainly relies on the difference between deposit and loan income.The rapid development of financial technology has made the banking industry face increasingly fierce competition.In recent years,China's commercial banks have been actively transforming,adjusting their income structure,and expanding the proportion of non-interest income businesses.However,in 2019,Baoshang Bank was taken over by the central bank due to serious credit risk,but it also revealed that the income structure of domestic commercial banks is still not very reasonable.Under the banking-dominated financial system,the healthy development of the banking industry is not only the cornerstone of financial market stability,but also a powerful guarantee for promoting high-quality economic growth.Therefore,exploring the impact of changes in the income structure of commercial banks on operating risks is of great significance to the future development of China's commercial banks and the stability of the financial system.No matter what kind of risk will affect the profit of commercial banks,and the most important business risk of commercial banks is credit risk.This article selects profit risk and credit risk to measure the commercial risk of commercial banks.This article first combs the relevant research on the income structure of commercial banks,and finds that most foreign scholars believe that the risk of commercial banks is not affected by changes in income structure,but shows a process of decreasing first and then increasing.Due to the differences in research methods and experimental data,domestic scholars have not reached a relatively uniform conclusion.Scope economy and asset portfolio theory are two important theories to study commercial banks 'returns and risks.Based on these two theories,this paper further studies how income structure adjustment affects commercial banks' operational risks,that is,discusses its transmission mechanism.Through theoretical derivation,it is found that changes in the income structure of commercial banks will increase the risks of commercial banks while increasing bank income.Therefore,this article conducts an empirical analysis based on the quarterly financial data of 16 listed commercial banks in China from 2009 to 2018,and classifies and discusses sample banks.Empirical results show that under the background of interest rate liberalization,the increase in the proportion of non-interest income will reduce the overall commercial bank's profit risk and increase the commercial bank's credit risk.Due to the largedifferences in asset size and business coverage between banks,expanding the proportion of non-interest income will lead to an increase in the profit risk and credit risk of state-owned commercial banks;The proportion of interbank business income is the best for reducing credit risk,but at the same time it will increase the profit risk of commercial banks;the increase in the proportion of non-interest income business fees and commission income will significantly reduce the credit risk of state-owned commercial banks The increase will simultaneously increase the profit risk and credit risk of commercial banks.The expansion of asset scale except for joint-stock commercial banks will effectively reduce profit risks and increase credit risks;the favorable macroeconomic environment of GDP growth will effectively reduce the risks of commercial banks;the capital adequacy ratio will increase the risks of commercial banks in the course of operations.Therefore,when controlling their own risks,commercial banks must formulate their own development strategies according to their own objective conditions.