Research On The Effect Of Rural Bank Development On Rural Poverty Reduction In China

Rural banks are the product of China's development of inclusive finance and the reform of the rural financial system.Its market positioning mainly lies in two aspects:one is to meet the micro-loan needs of rural residents,and the other is to serve local minor enterprises.As a new type of rural financial institution,rural banks have the important mission of guiding rural residents out of poverty and increasing income,helping minor enterprises to finance,promoting local employment and economic development.However,it also has the profitability attributes of traditional commercial banks.Whether rural banks can effectively meet the financing needs of local farmers and minor enterprises,and ensure that rural development has sufficient financial support,is of great significance for China's rural poverty reduction and the development of inclusive finance.Starting from the development context of China's rural financial system,this article first clarifies the status of rural banks in China's rural financial system.The establishment of rural banks has well promoted the incremental reform of China's rural financial system,which is not to be ignored in China's rural financial system.""Spirit Force";then analyze the basic situation,development process,regional characteristics,role of supporting agriculture,and existing problems of China's rural banks,so as to have a basic understanding of the current situation and development overview of China's rural banks;Analysis of the impact mechanism,the rural bank provides financial support for local farmers and minor enterprises to promote agricultural production by affecting local farmers and minor enterprises at two levels,thereby playing a positive role in reducing poverty in rural China,and using this as a theoretical basis Construct an econometric model to conduct an empirical analysis of the relationship between the development of rural banks and rural poverty.The main research results are as follows:(1)By constructing the coefficient of variation,the differences in the development of rural banks across the country,as well as in the eastern,central and western regions are found Shrinking;(2)Using the static and dynamic panel models study the relationship between rural banks and rural poverty across the country and find that there is a negative correlation between rural bank development and rural poverty,that is,the development of rural banks reduces the level of rural poverty;(3)Through the subregional fixed effect model The regression results show that the rural banks in the eastern,central and western regions have different poverty reduction effects on the rural areas,of which the central region is the strongest,the western region is the second,and the eastern region is the weakest;(4)Through the construction of the Threshold Model,the development of different rural banks is found At the same level,the effect of rural banks on poverty reduction in rural areas is different.When the threshold is exceeded,the poverty reduction effect of rural banks is reduced;(5)By constructing a Spatial Econometric Model,it is found that the development of rural banks has a competitive effect on rural poverty,that is,adjacent areas The development of rural banks will exacerbate rural poverty in the region.In view of the above research conclusions,this article gives the following suggestions: First,we must deepen the supply-side reform of rural banks,promote the balanced development of rural banks among various regions,and reduce the differences in the development level of rural banks;Second,we must improve the operation and management level,innovative financial services model of rural banks,and greater play of the poverty reduction effect of rural banks;Third,we must pay attention to the threshold effect of the poverty reduction effect of rural banks and the differences between the east,middle,and west.regions implement different layouts for rural banks.Fourth,we must pay attention to the spatial competition effect of rural banks on rural poverty,and strengthen the strategic strength of rural banks in supporting agriculture and small businesses.