Study On The Integration Of Basic Pension Substitution Rate Between Public Pension System For Rural Residents And Public Pension System For Urban Employees

China's social pension system has been divided into public pension system for rural residents and public pension system for urban employees,since the integration of new rural pension system and urban residents pension system in 2014.However,there are still many problems:(1)the“fragmentation" of social insurance system is serious and the“dual structure" is obvious;(2)the level of public pension system for rural residents is low;(3)pension gap of public pension system for rural residents and public pension system for urban employees is widening day by day.Based on the problems existing in China's social insurance system and the requirements of the Nineteenth National Congress,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study how to integrate public pension system for rural residents and public pension system for urban employees.and improve the status quo of "fragmentation" and"dualization".Considering the difference between public pension system for rural residents and public pension system for urban employees,it may be difficult for them to get the same amount of pension,but it is still feasible to make the replacement rate of basic pension of the two coincide.Therefore,from the perspective of integrating the basic pension replacement rate of public pension system for rural residents and public pension system for urban employees,this paper uses "the theory of bottom line fairness" and the idea of "gradient integration" to study the criteria and feasibility of the integration of public pension system for rural residents and public pension system for urban employees.Firstly,this paper uses the model of basic pension replacement rate to predict the change trend.It finds that basic pension replacement rate of public pension system for rural residents shows an upward trend year by year,while the basic pension replacement rate of public pension system for urban employees shows a downward trend year by year.There is a convergence trend between the two.Then,using the ELES model,we calculate the appropriate range of the basic pension replacement rate of public pension system for rural residents based on the bottom line fairness.Using the ELES model and the relevant experience of OECD countries to calculate the appropriate range of the basic pension replacement of public pension system for urban employees.According to the appropriate range of the two basic pension replacement rates,we can get the best one.The fusion standard is 30%.Finally,because the current basic pension replacement rate of public pension system for rural residents is far from 30%,this paper divides the target into three gradients according to the idea of“gradient integration".According to the length of time to achieve the goal,three schemes are set up to calculate the financial burden.Finally,because the first scheme exceeds the financial burden,the third scheme takes a long time,so the second scheme is the best one.That is to say,six years to achieve the first gradient goal,five years to achieve the second gradient goal and four years to achieve the third gradient goal.A total of 15 years to achieve the target replacement rate of 30%.Finally,the basic pension replacement rate of public pension system for rural residents and public pension system for urban employees is unified.