Research On The Intergenerational Transfer Of Human Capital Of Farm Households In Poor Areas

In recent years,China has made great achievements in the development of education,and the average education level of the working population has generally been improved,but it is still quite far away from a country with a strong education.Part of the main cause of the education gap is the low mobility of education between generations,and it is difficult for families with low education levels to achieve upward flow of education,which has led to the solidification of social classes,especially in rural areas.This article intends to use the perspective of parental education background to study the scale and path of children’s educational achievements,which is of great significance to the disadvantaged group to break down the persistently low human capital and escape from generation to generation.Based on the related theories of intergenerational education,this paper uses data from a rural social survey conducted by the Research Center for Precision Poverty Alleviation and Regional Development of Northwest Normal University in2017 in poor counties in Gansu Province,and uses descriptive statistics,transformation matrices,ordered logistic regression,and path analysis to analyze the scale,influencing factors,and transmission paths of inter-generational education in depth,and came to the following conclusions.First,the current educational distribution of parents and offspring shows that children are better than fathers,men are better than women,younger is better than older,and non-poverty is better than poverty;Secondly,the intergenerational upward flow rates of education between fathers,mothers,and offspring are 48.26% and 58.18%,and the curing rates are27.10% and 20.49% respectively.According to the family’s per capita net income(3,000 yuan)as the boundary,the sample is divided into poor families and non-poor families,it is found that parents are at a lower education level,and the inter-generational transmission of education of poor families was stronger,and the opposite conclusion is reached at a higher education level;Thirdly,empirical results show that the positive impact of father education on offspring education is significantly greater than that of mothers.Specifically,when the father’s education is primary,junior high,or high school,the probability of children receiving higher education increases by 7.84%,14.66%,19.97%,when the mother’s education is at these stages,the probabilities of children receiving higher education are increasedby 2.87%,12.65% and 14.12% respectively;Fourthly,after the samples are classified,parents’ educational background matching and family poverty will strengthen the intergenerational transmission of education;Fifth,family social capital and economic capital are the important influence paths of intergenerational transmission of education.From the perspective of the father,the mediating effect can explain 15.77% of the total effect,and from the perspective of the mother,it can explain 11.05%,and the mediating effect of social capital is stronger than economic capital;Finally,according to the conclusions,policy suggestions are proposed to enhance the intergenerational mobility of education for disadvantaged groups.