Research On The Influence Of Farmers' Livelihood Capital On The Choice Of Homestead Function

Homestead is an important carrier of farmers' production and life.With the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization,the role of rural homestead in social and economic life is constantly changing,gradually changing from a single residential function to a diversified function.However,the reform of homestead system lags behind the evolution of homestead function,resulting in inefficient and disordered utilization of homestead.The research on the function of homestead can provide thinking for the reform of homestead system.As the micro behavior subject of rural economic activities,farmers are the grass-roots decision-makers of homestead utilization,whose homestead behavior decision directly determines the change of homestead function.Farmers' livelihood is based on their livelihood assets,which affects their economic decision-making and behavior.What are the differences in the function of homestead in different stages of livelihood development? How does farmers' livelihood assets affect their choice of homestead function? In view of this,this paper studies the relationship between farmers' livelihood assets and homestead function selection from the perspective of micro farmers,in order to provide reference for homestead system innovation.In this paper,18 representative villages in Xiangshan County,Ningbo City,Zhejiang Province are selected as the study area.The local economy and tourism are developing well,the livelihood of farmers is diversified,the livelihood assets structure is obviously different,and the function of the homestead is quite different.At the same time,this area is also the pilot area of the "Three Powers Separation" reform of the rural homestead,which has certain representativeness.Based on the analysis framework of sustainable livelihood,this paper studies the impact of farmers' livelihood capital on the function selection of homestead by means of questionnaire,statistics and econometric analysis.The conclusions are as follows:(1)The analysis framework of "livelihood assets-homestead function" is constructed to reveal the mechanism of farmers' livelihood assets on homesteadfunction.The analysis framework of "livelihood assets-homestead function" is based on the analysis framework of sustainable livelihood.Through the analysis of the dynamic process of "natural,economic and social background differences-livelihood capital differences-livelihood strategy differences-livelihood results",it reveals the mechanism of farmers' livelihood assets on homestead function.(2)Comprehensive evaluation on the livelihood assets of farmers in the study area by constructing the evaluation index system.According to the principle of combination of scientificity,rationality,objectivity and operability,combined with the characteristics of livelihood assets,the evaluation index system of livelihood assets is constructed.This paper uses the evaluation index system to evaluate the livelihood assets of different types of farmers.The results show that the total value of livelihood assets of farmers is 6.440,and the average level of farmers' life is relatively high.The order of the total value of livelihood assets is: non farmers(6.960)> concurrent farmers(6.530)> pure farmers(6.310).Among all the livelihood assets values,pure farmers have more natural assets(0.190)and physical assets(0.304);concurrent farmers have more human assets(0.372);non farmers have more financial assets(0.309)and social assets(0.470).(3)This paper analyzes the influence of different types of farmers' livelihood assets on the function of homestead.Based on the descriptive analysis of the current situation of different types of farmers' homestead use in the study area,this paper analyzes the differences of different types of farmers' homestead use mode and livelihood assets value,and uses the disordered multi classification logistic regression model to study the influencing factors of different types of farmers' livelihood assets on Homestead function selection.It is found that the livelihood assets value of different types of farmers' homestead use is different,and the livelihood assets of different types of farmers has a significant impact on the function selection of homestead.In the choice of residential function and auxiliary production function of homestead,the main factors affecting the choice of pure farmers are natural assets and material assets(at 5% significant level,respectively,and the symbols are positive).For every unit increase in the index value of natural assets and material assets of pure farmers,the probability of choosing auxiliary production function increases 2.586 times and 2.946 times respectively;the main factors influencing the choice of concurrent farmers are natural assets,human assets and social assets(significant at5% significant level respectively,human assets symbol is negative,natural assets and social assets symbol are positive).For every unit increase in the index value of natural assets and social assets,the probability of selecting auxiliary production function increases by 13.208 times and 4.689 times.The probability of selecting the auxiliary production function decreases by 3.870 times for every unit added to the index value of human assets.In the choice of residential function and asset function of homestead,financial assets and social assets are the main factors that affect the choice of dual business households(significant at 5% level,and the symbols are positive respectively).For each unit of increase in the index value of dual business households' financial assets and social assets,the probability of choosing asset function increases by 7.555 times and 6.191 times;the main factors that affect the choice of non farmers It is physical assets and social assets(significant at 5% significant level respectively,and the sign is positive).The probability of selecting asset function increases by 1.457 times and4.176 times for every unit increase of index value of physical assets and social assets.It can be found that the livelihood assets are the basis of the combination of the livelihood structure of farmers.The structure and nature of the livelihood assets owned by different types of farmers are different.The structure and nature of the livelihood assets determine the decision-making of the use of the homestead by farmers,and ultimately affect the selection of the homestead function of farmers.Based on the above conclusions,this paper puts forward the following countermeasures and suggestions.(1)For pure farmers,on the one hand,we should promote the large-scale cultivation of pure farmers,promote the transfer of arable land to increase natural assets,provide technical guidance and financial support to increase the demand for expanding production,and strengthen the auxiliary production function of the homestead;on the other hand,we plan the layout of ruralhomestead reasonably,strictly control the area standard of homestead,and solve the problem of disorderly distribution of villages and over standard homestead.(2)For the concurrent farmers,the homestead has certain development potential.First,actively promote the reform of "Three Rights Separation" of homestead,transfer the idle homestead of concurrent farmers to develop characteristic industry or leisure tourism industry;second,provide financial and technical support to concurrent farmers willing to operate farm tourism,so as to make their homestead asset function prominent.(3)For non farmers,first of all,by introducing new assets and new business forms,non farmers are encouraged to jointly develop and operate farm tourism,so as to improve the industry level;second,for non farmers who have been working outside for a long time,or whose homestead has been idle for a long time,village collective economic organizations are encouraged to develop the idle homestead of non farmers in the form of unified storage,investment,approval and development We should make use of it to increase the collective economic income and the property income of farmers.This is conducive to enhancing the rural collective economic income and farmers' property income.