Research On The Management Of Grassroots Homestead From The Perspective Of Institutional Change

For a long time,the changes and development of the homestead system have attracted much attention.Different from previous studies,this paper focuses on the governance of the homestead from the perspective of the social attributes of the homestead,combines the local practice of the homestead in Yujiang County,and the path of the change in the homestead system.Analyze the interaction between grassroots governance and the change of the homestead system.With the help of the theory of institutional change,this paper focus on the reforms of the rural homestead system from both formal and informal constraints.Through investigations,it studies the institutional innovation of the homestead in Yujiang County,and analyzes the formal constraints and the role and path of informal constraints in the management of grass-roots homesteads.The following conclusions are obtained through research:(1)China's housing site system has undergone roughly three stages of change,from the privatization period of the housing site peasants to the subsequent period of collective ownership of the peasants by the housing site,and then the reform period of the right to use the housing site.The change path from top-to-bottom compulsory change to demand-induced change,and gradually formed a compulsory and inductive change in the same way;(2)The formal constraints as an external coercion in governance,it can clarify the standards and scope of the system and effectively regulate farmers' use of homesteads.Informal constraints,as an internal constraint in the governance of homesteads at the grassroots level,are an indispensable and useful supplement to formal constraints.It plays an internal regulating role on the actors of the house site;(3)In the practice of the reform of the house site system in Yujiang,the establishment of the villagers' council is an innovation and exploration of the governance method of the grass-roots house sites.The main body has played the role of democracy and autonomy.The advancement of contradictions and disputes can effectively achieve the transformation and mutual dissolution of formal and informal constraints in the homestead system,reduce the transaction costs of the system reform,and allow a stable interaction between individuals and organizations to stimulate the vitality of grassroots governance effectively enhances the adaptability of the change of the housing site system.