Research On The Efficiency And Influencing Factors Of High-tech Industry In China

In 2015,the added value of China’s high-tech industry accounted for 29% of the world,surpassing the United States to become the first in the world,marking the official entry of China’s high-tech industry into a new "golden era." 2017,The main business income of high-tech industry in China has reached 15.93758 trillion yuan,which has realized the transformation from backward to first,from following to leading in some important fields.China has become a big country of high-tech industry,but there is still a long way to go before it becomes a powerful country of high-tech industry.High-quality innovation system is a necessary condition for a strong country in high-tech industry.Therefore,the establishment of a set of scientific and objective evaluation system of innovation efficiency and influencing factors is one of the key problems to break through the bottleneck of the development of high-tech industry in China,which is also the starting point and foothold of this paper.This paper analyzes the innovation efficiency and influencing factors of high-tech industry in China from three aspects: research basis and present situation,measurement of innovation efficiency and empirical analysis of influencing factors,and suggestions for improving innovation efficiency.First of all,the research basis and current situation are analyzed.In the basic part of the research,this paper combs the previous research results from three aspects: high-tech development zone,high-tech industry evaluation system,high-tech industry efficiency measurement method and influencing factors.In the part of the analysis of the present situation,taking the five years from 2013 to 2017 as the investigation period,this paper analyzes the present situation of the development of the innovation system from three aspects: the present situation of the production and operation of the high-tech industry in our country,the present situation of the innovation input and the present situation of the innovation output.It is pointed out that there are some problems in the innovation system of high-tech industry in China,such as the low level of resource investment,the need to innovate the structure of resource investment,the optimization of the layout of high-tech development zone,and the need to strengthen the degree of opening to the outside world.Secondly,it empirically analyzes the measurement and influencing factors of innovation efficiency.In the aspect of innovation efficiency measurement,scientific research input and material investment are selected as the first level index.The R&D activists are equivalent to full-time equivalent,R&D internal expenditure,fixed asset investment as the second-level index of innovation investment,select the number of patents owned,the transaction amount of technology contracts,and the new fixed assets,As the secondary index of innovation output,the main business income constructs the evaluation system of innovation efficiency of high-tech industry in China.Then,the innovation efficiency of high-tech industry in 28 provinces and cities in China from 2007 to 2016 is analyzed by using SE-DEA model and Malmquist index from both static and dynamic perspectives.The results show that the innovation efficiency of high-tech industry in China is on the low side as a whole,the difference between the middle,east and west regions is small,and the difference between provinces and cities is large.By using ArcGIS 10.2 software,according to the efficiency value of each province and city,Using different colors to mark the efficiency of each region on the map of China.During 2007 to 2016,the average annual growth rate of innovation efficiency of high-tech industry in China was 4.4%.The main reason for the efficiency increase was the progress of comprehensive technological efficiency.At the same time,technological progress also provides a certain help.In terms of influencing factors,six indexes,such as industrialization level,industrial market openness,industrial scale,quality of scientific research personnel,scale of scientific research institutions and financial support,are selected as independent variables,and Tobit model is used to analyze the influencing factors of efficiency.The results show that the level of industrialization and financial support are negatively correlated with the innovation efficiency of high-tech industry in China,the openness of industrial market,the quality of scientific research personnel and the scale of scientific research institutions are positively correlated with the innovation efficiency of high-tech industry in China.The relationship between industrial scale and innovation efficiency of high-tech industry in China is not significant.Finally,some suggestions on how to improve the innovation efficiency of high-tech industry in China are given from the national and regional levels.According to the empirical results,this paper puts forward some suggestions to improve the innovation efficiency of high-tech industry in China from five aspects: the total amount of investment,the adjustment of investment structure,the coordinated development of regional development,policy innovation and regional layout.Then,based on the pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of X axis and Y axis,the sample provinces are distributed in four types of quadrants,and the specific efficiency improvement suggestions are given for different types of provinces and cities.