Research On The Change Of Long-term Care Insurance System In Japan

The average life expectancy of Japanese people ranks first in the world.The elderly population continues to rise and the birth population continues to decline.In order to cope with this situation,ease the family burden of disabled and semi-disabled elderly people,and improve the financial accessibility of nursing expenses payment,Japan established a long-term care insurance system in April 2000 to alleviate the aging social risks.The theoretical analysis tool mainly used in this paper is the theory of institutional change in the new institutional economics.Focus on the emergence,changes and implementation of the long-term care insurance system in Japan,sort out and summarize the political,economic,social and institutional environment before the introduction of the long-term care insurance system,analyze and summarize the different subjects that guide the process of institutional change,and break the institutional equilibrium.Studies have shown that the main body of Japan's long-term care insurance system has not only the type of compulsory institutional change,that is,the government's investment in the prevention of caregivers for the sustainability of the system,and the strengthening of the supervision and prevention of service agencies to defraud;and there are also induced institutional changes.Types,that is,caregivers and family members who provide care,push older care to society,and the resulting society shares the need for care.There are two reasons for the imbalance and change of Japan's long-term care insurance system.First,In the initial stage of implementation,the elderly care recipients are growing rapidly,and the institutions and personnel providing care are insufficiently supplied.With the development of the system,the providers of nursing service institutions are concentrated in densely populated areas,resulting in uneven development between regions.Second,because the service payment provisions in the system are not perfect,there are phenomena in which the users and providers of nursing services pursue potential interests and damage the fairness of the system.In the past 20 years,Japan's long-term care insurance system has basically maintained a flat income and a slight surplus.The number of people participating in the insurance industry has increased year by year,the nursing industry has flourished,and the nursing talent team has been expanding.However,there are also some problems,such as the unfair proportion of users at their own expense and the profit-seeking of suppliers.Finally,the article combined with the content and results of this study to provide relevant enlightenment for the establishment of long-term care insurance system in China.