Research On The Structure Of Quality Demand And Quality Supply And Its Premium Of Product Quality In Manufacturing Industry

With the rapid growth of China's total economic output,the imbalance of supply and demand structure,such as the coexistence of excess supply and insufficient supply,the coexistence of declining demand and demand outward migration,has become prominent.Its essence is the supply failure caused by the disconnection between supply structure and market demand.The literatures show that balanced supply and demand structure is the key to solve the supply failure,and the concept of demand has expanded from quantity to quality.Therefore,starting from both supply and demand,this paper clarifies consumers' quality demand,determines the development path of the balanced structure of quality supply and demand,and provides certain theoretical support and practical guidance for supply-side reform.Based on the import commodity trade index from 2005 to 2017,this paper uses the quality endogenous decision model to measure the product quality demand of manufacturing industry and its sub-sectors.The quality demand of manufacturing industry and its subdivisions fluctuates periodically in time.The quality demand of each industry can be divided into five categories: higher quality demand,such as pharmaceutical manufacturing industry;high quality demand,such as general equipment manufacturing industry;general quality demand,such as plastic products industry;and low quality demand,such as printing industry and recording media;lower quality demand,such as fur,feather(down)and its products industry,has great industry differences.Based on the product quality demand index of manufacturing industry,this paper uses factor analysis to extract similar industries.According to skewness distribution,value index,industry classification and other judgment criteria,it classifies five types of quality supply and demand structure: higher quality demand and lower supply,high quality demand and general supply,high quality demand and low supply,general quality demand and general supply,general quality demand and low supply.Consumers have a higher demand for product quality in technology-intensive industries,a high demand for quality in labor-intensive and capital-intensive industries,and a general demand for quality in resource-intensive industries.The overall quality supply ability of enterprises lags behind the quality demand.Only 9sub-sectors are in the equilibrium state of quality supply and demand,and there are some dislocations between quality supply and demand.Based on the quality supply and demand structure of manufacturing products,15 representative enterprises in 7 cities of Zhejiang Province were selected to measure quality premium and quality value.In the category of higher quality demand and low supply,the producer's improvement of quality supply level will bring positive quality premium and high premium rate;high quality demand and general supply,high quality demand and low supply,the marginal premium of producer's improvement of product quality is higher.The quality premium rate of general supply and general quality demand is the lower and the price sensitivity is high;general supply with lower quality demand is positive,and the premium rate is low.It can be seen that the general quality demand generally belongs to the quality supply-driven structure,while the other categories belong to the quality demand-driven supply-demand structure.In addition,the overall quality value of enterprises belongs to positive increment,but there are still negative quality value,which is related to industry competitiveness,product maturity and enterprise pricing strategy.Based on the research conclusion,this paper argues that the quality supervision department of manufacturing industry can adopt the quality hierarchical management model to optimize supervision.Enterprises need to set quality improvement goals and product competition strategies in combination with industry quality demand and supply structure,product maturity and market integrity,so as to achieve the return of multi-level consumer demand and enhance the positive premium effect of enterprise quality.