The Reform Of Agricultural Management Forms And The Study Of Farmers' Economic Behavior In The Period Of Collectivization

Throughout the history of the changes in the form of agricultural management in New China,after the land reform,the individual business of the farmer households was formed;the agricultural cooperative movement formed the form of “collective ownership and unified management”;after the establishment of the people's commune system,it formed a larger The scale of “collective ownership,unified management” of agricultural management forms,and then adjusted to form a “three-level ownership,team-based” form of agricultural management;after the reform and opening up,the family contract responsibility system was finally established.At present,the country is carrying out the practice of reforming the agricultural land system with “three powers divided”.The form of agricultural management is closely related to the income of farmers,the efficiency of agricultural operations,and the development of rural economics.In the framework of “Agricultural Management Form – Farmers' Economic Behavior”,this paper systematically examines the changes in the form of agricultural management in China during the collectivization period from the perspective of farmers.First of all,this paper reviews the historical trajectory of the changes in the form of agricultural management in China during the collectivization period,and attempts to clarify the logic of the change of business forms.Secondly,it analyzes the rural farmers' living and agricultural production in the 1960 s and 1970 s.It is not difficult to find that "poverty and inefficiency" has always been the main theme of this period.This is also the fundamental reason for farmers to promote the transformation of agricultural management in the period of collectivization.Thirdly,it is stated that during the period of collectivization,the farmers adopted "resistance" behaviors,such as "completed work","small production of private points","stealing food",etc.,which gradually eroded the collective economy with undetectable economic behavior,and made agricultural production in this period.Before,the farmers' incomes were low,which eventually led to the disintegration of the people's commune system.In the period of collectivization,farmers used their own land to make up for the shortcomings of the form of collective management,and the “Contracted Production to Households” created by farmers has become the prototype of household contract management.The study has shown that farmers are practitioners and promoters of the transformation of agricultural management forms,and farmer economic behavior is the driving force for the change of agricultural management forms.However,it is not enough to rely solely on the economic behavior of farmers to promote the transformation of agricultural management forms.It also needs the tacit approval and even support of local governments and even the high-level state.Therefore,in the current reform of agricultural management,the state needs to understand the needs of farmers,respect the wishes of farmers,correctly handle the interests of the state and farmers,and then shape the positive interaction model between the state and farmers.Finally,attention should be paid to investing in farmers' human capital.