Study On Ecosystem Service Value In Kunming & Yuxi Integration Region

In recent years,the intensification of urbanization has brought about social and economic development,and it has also promoted the continuous transformation of urban land use types,thus affecting the changes in ecosystem service functions.As important node cities of the development plan of central yunnan city cluster,Kunming and Yuxi have a steady increase in the degree of urbanization and economic and social development,and the urban area has gradually expanded and docked,tending to be integrated,and the land use system has undergone major changes.In this study,the core integration area of Kunming and Yuxi was used as the research area.Based on the remote sensing image and socio-economic statistical data,the ecosystem service value equivalent coefficient method was used to evaluate the ecosystem service value of the research area from 2000 to 2018.Through geographic information technology,mathematical model,correlation analysis and other methods,the impact of land use change on the value of ecosystem services,and the relationship between urbanization and ecosystem services are discussed.Finally,the land space is derived from the perspective of ecosystem service value through the least resistance model.It is expected to provide scientific support for urban land use,ecological protection management planning,and policy formulation for urban sustainable development and ecological civilization construction.The main conclusions of the study are as follows:(1)The study area is mainly composed of forest land and unused land.Except for the reduction of woodland land and unutilized land,the area of other land types is increasing.Among them,forest land is the land with the largest increase in area.Arable land and construction land are the most severe land use changes,mainly caused by the mutual transformation of the two land types.Among them,Kunming construction land expanded from the early urban area around the city to the southeast direction of the Dianchi Lake,while Yuxi gradually extended to the northern periphery along the original construction land.Land changes are mainly concentrated in the outer ring of the old city of Kunming and Yuxi and along major roads.(2)In terms of the value of ecosystem services,the value of the forest is the first to increase and then decrease.The forest land is the land with the largest increase in value.The construction land and arable land are the land types with decreasing value and the highest value variability.In terms of the value of individual ecosystem services,except for the reduction in food production,the individual functions showed an increasing trend.Among them,maintaining biodiversity,hydrological regulation and maintaining soil function are the dominant functions of the study area,while food production is weak.The contribution of localities to value ranges from large to small,followred by waters,woodlands,grasslands,arable land,unutilized land and construction land.The conversion of unutilized land to forest land is the biggest factor leading to the increase in value.The conversion of forest land to unutilized land,arable land,and unutilized land to construction land is the main reason for the decrease in value.(3)The spatial distribution of ecosystem service value mainly consists of two core circles of Dianchi Lake and Fuxian Lake as high value areas,while the main low value areas are distributed in a ring shape with two high value core circles.The secondary low-value areas are distributed in strips,while the medium-valued areas are mainly distributed in plaques.Compared with the areas with increasing value,the areas with declining value are relatively concentrated in a piece,mainly in the northeast to the south bank of Dianchi Lake,the Economic Development Zone-Chenggong New District-Jinning District-Hongta District,and along major traffic roads,such as Kunming Airport Expressway and Kunyu Expressway.(4)Through the spatial autocorrelation analysis method,the ecosystem service value of the study area is generally characterized by agglomeration,but in the time category,the degree of agglomeration is concave,and the degree of agglomeration in the middle of the study is weaker than that at the beginning and end of the study,and the differentiation is relatively obvious.The"high-high"agglomeration type of value is mainly distributed in the middle of the study area and the suburban area of the district from the west to the south.The"low-low"is mainly distributed in the urban areas of the districts and counties,especially in the four districts of the main city of Kunming.The gathering direction spread to Chenggong New District and Kunming International Airport New District.(5)Through the analysis of pearson correlation coefficient,there is a negative correlation between the urbanization level of the study area and the value of ecosystem services.The higher the degree of urbanization,the lower the value.Among them,the negative correlation between spatial urbanization and ecosystem services is the strongest,followed by population urbanization.These indicate that the more obvious the expansion of construction land and the denser the population,the lower the value of ecosystem services.In addition,urbanization has a strong negative correlation with food production,hydrological regulation,and waste treatment.(6)The minimum cumulative resistance model is constructed from the aspect of ecosystem service value,and the land space of the study area is divided into five areas.The core ecological conservation area has the main purpose of ecological protection and strictly limits its development and utilization.The key ecological protection areas are protected for priority purposes,followed by rational use.The urban buffer zone has a coordinated effect on urban development and ecological protection.The suitable construction area and the optimized construction area are mainly used for reserved land resources and main land resources for urban construction and development,and further promote the modernization of the city under the premise of protecting the farmland and optimizing the urban industrial structure.