Entrepreneurship Of Farmers:Theoretical And Empirical Analysis Based On Psychological Factors

In recent years,China's economy is facing the double pressure of growth rate decline and structural adjustment,how to find the new kinetic energy of economic development is of great significance for realizing the current economic transformation and the sustainable development in the future.The 19th national congress of the communist party of China(CPC)called for "stimulating and protecting entrepreneurship encourage more social entities to engage in innovation and entrepreneurship,"and in particularly "supporting and encouraging farmers to find jobs and start businesses,and expanding channels for increasing incomes." As the country with the largest agricultural population in the world,encouraging farmers to start their own businesses can not only expand farmers'employment,narrow the gap between urban and rural areas,but also revitalize the development of rural industries,which is obviously the key to transforming the new kinetic energy of economic growth.and the research on the forward agent is the key to stimulate entrepreneurial behavior.In order to examine the important role of internal psychological factors,based on The Big Five Personality Theory and the successful model of entrepreneurship,this paper demonstrates the internal mechanism of farmers' independent entrepreneurship from the perspective of psychology.Then the following three propositions are put forward:Firstly,farmers' independent entrepreneurship has significant psychological determinants.And many of the entrepreneurial effects of resource endowments can be explained by psychological factors,and the external institutional environment plays an important role in regulating.Secondly,there is a causal relationship between psychological factors and farmers' independent entrepreneurship,and farmers' independent entrepreneurial practice can play a significant role in their personality characteristics.Thirdly,the decision,intensity and performance of farmers' independent entrepreneurship are not completely consistent with the requirements of psychological factors,and there are even great differences.In addition,based on Chinese Family Panel Studies(CFPS),this paper uses binary Probit model and Tobit left truncation model to test the above three propositions,thus verifying the psychological determinants of farmers'independent entrepreneurship.In the estimation equation,a large number of intermediary variables,adjustment variables and control variables are introduced to reduce the adverse effects of selective deviation and missing variables,and the tool variable method is used to solve the endogenous problem.The results are as follows.Firstly,the psychological factors have a significant impact on entrepreneurship,and many of the antecedents emphasized in the existing articles can be explained by psychological factors.Meanwhile,the external institutional environment has a crucial regulatory effect and can also play a vital role in the process of entrepreneurship.Secondly,there exists a mutual cause-and-effect relationship between psychological factors and entrepreneurship,so the required psychological characteristics can be acquired through entrepreneurial education and practice.Thirdly,the psychological characteristics required by decision-making,intensity and performance of the entrepreneurship are not consistent.In order to enable more farmers to start their own businesses and promote the high-quality development of rural economy:Firstly,identify and predict the entrepreneurial behaviors of farmers through the analysis of psychological factors of entrepreneurial subjects,so as to further clarify the implementation objects of relevant entrepreneurial policies.Secondly,the policy environment,market environment and cultural environment should be optimized to promote farmers' independent innovation.Thirdly,strengthen entrepreneurship education and expand entrepreneurship practice,which will help stimulate and cultivate the entrepreneurial spirit of farmers.Fourthly,we will implement different entrepreneurship and protection measures for different stages of entrepreneurship,which is the key to promote farmers' self-employment.