A Study Of The Grain Production And Fertilizer Application In China

China has faced greater pressure on grain security all the time.In order to meet the grain demand brought by China's huge population base and ensure national grain security,China has adopted various methods to increase grain production.Increasing the use of chemical fertilizer is one of the ways.However,according to the calculations of relevant scholars,the application intensity of chemical fertilizers in China has far exceeded the optimal application rate of the economy,and the contribution rate to the increase of grain production has also given way to agricultural machinery.Until 2016,China's grain output has achieved "Thirteen years of continuous growth".The pressure on grain demand has been greatly eased,but the corresponding amount of fertilizer application in China is also increasing year after year.Excessive application of chemical fertilizers is not only a waste of economic input,but also brings many environmental and ecological problems such as land compaction and groundwater pollution.Correspondingly,since the 18th National Congress,President Xi Jinping has been emphasizing the green development concept of "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets",focusing on transforming the development model that China pays more attention to the speed of economic development and complementing China's ecology.That needs to make up for the shortcomings of China's ecological environment construction and integrate the concept of ecological civilization into all aspects of China's development and construction,and strive to create a new era of socialist ecological civilization China's current agricultural production and grain planting situation are undoubtedly contrary to China's current green development concept.Therefore,through theoretical combing and empirical analysis,this paper studies the key factors affecting the fertilizer application intensity of farmers and puts forward relevant suggestions.The paper seeks to achieve a win-win situation in grain production and protect the ecological environment and seeks to a win-win situation of maintaining national grain security and meeting current development.At present,increasing input of chemical fertilizer and excessive application coexist in China.This paper reviews the related literature in this field from two aspects at home and abroad,the relationship between fertilizer application and grain production,fertilizer application and environment,and the factors influencing the farmers' fertilizer application behavior.It is found that the farmers' fertilizer input behavior is based on the special national conditions of our country,and the research in this field is relatively deficient in foreign countries.On the front of domestic study,scholars' research mainly focuses on the characteristics of farmers,such as their employment situation and the education level of farmers.Other scholars mainly focus on some natural factors,such as the area of cultivated land and the degree of arable land fragmentation.Based on the rational hypothesis of farmers:the basic purpose of farmers to grow grain is to obtain economic income,this paper considers the internal economic motivation of peasant households through theoretical analysis.According to the research of other scholars,from the perspective of farmers' own characteristics and market,the non-agricultural employment rate of farmers and the price of grain and regional economic development last year are the core variables.The natural factors and population transfer factors are integrated.As a control variable,the provincial panel data of 2006-2016 for 11 years was used to carry out the panel fixed effect regression,and the effects of many variables on the fertilizer application behavior of farmers were studied.The conclusions drawn in this paper are as follows:1.The traits of farmers and the increase of employment channels for farmers is conducive to reduce the amount of fertilizer applied in agricultural planting.2.At the level of market economy,last year's grain price had a greater impact on the fertilizer application behavior of farmers this year.By regulating grain prices and introducing relatively stable grain prices,the state can restrain farmers' excessive fertilizer application from a macro level.3.The development of rural economy and the realization of rural three-industry integration are the only way to promote the transformation of China's agricultural planting methods into modernization and promote the more scientific conception and technology of farmers.