Research On The Sustainable Operation Of China's Basic Endowment Insurance System

China has entered into an aging society in 2000,and the aging degree is getting worse and worse,heading towards the severe aging.Aging has brought a series of serious challenges to China's economic and social development,make our country endowment insurance system faces serious test.As meeting of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,China entry into a new era.although the primary stage of socialism's basic national conditions did not change,the social principal contradiction has transformed into people's growing demand for better life and the contradiction between unbalanced development and inadequate.under this background of new era,people begin to pay more attention to the fairness of the endowment insurance system,make some new requirements to the sustainable operation of the endowment insurance system in our country.If we can not solve it,it will not only affect the sustainable development of China's economy,but also the social stability and harmony.In recent years,our country government also play serious attention to the development of endowment insurance system,take a series measures to enhance the fiscal sustainability of endowment insurance system in China.In November 18,2017,the state council issued "about printing transfer part of state-owned capital to enrich the social security fund plan notice[2017]no.49,used to enhance financial strength;In June 13,2018,the state council promulgated about building the central dispensing system of basic endowment insurance fund of enterprise worker notification,indicate the goals of the national plan as a whole will be achieved in recent years.It also show that the determination and action of our government to reform the endowment insurance system.Domestic and foreign scholars have also conducted a series of research and discussion for the future reform direction of the basic endowment insurance system in China,some research make tremendous achievements,but some research still exist questions at the same time.For example,scholars usually only from one or several aspects to discuss the problem of endowment insurance system and the reform direction in China,rarely think the overall system for the sustainable operation of endowment insurance system in China.Therefore,it is necessary to analyze the problems of China's endowment insurance system and do some operations from the perspective point of view.This article is divided into five parts,the first chapter is the introduction part,mainly introduces the research background and meaning of our endowment insurance system sustainable operation problem in our country,summarizes the related literature at home and abroad on the basis of a brief evaluation,introduces thoughts and methods about the endowment insurance system of sustainable operation of the research of this topic,points out the innovation points.The second chapter is the general analysis of the sustainable operation of the endowment insurance system,this paper mainly introduces the connotation,theoretical basis and necessity of the sustainable operation of the old-age insurance system.The theoretical basis of its sustainable operation involving welfare economics of Bigu,Keynes's effective demand theory,human needs theory,life cycle theory and the theory of the inter-generational transfer and generation overlapped,etc.expresses the necessity of endowment insurance system of sustainable operation from aspects of regulating income distribution,the protection of the rights of retirees,promote the economic sustainable development and maintain the smooth running.The third chapter analyzes the sustainable operation of China's endowment insurance system,and introduces the contents of China's old-age insurance system and the development and improvement of the old-age insurance system for urban employees,urban and rural residents,enterprise annuities and commercial insurance.On this basis,this chapter summarized the great achievements of China's old-age insurance system.in the new era.including the endowment security system of urban and rural covering is established,pension enter capital markets successfully,yield rate is rising,the whole level of endowment insurance system is increasing,part of state-owned capital transfer to enrich the social security fund,enterprise annuity system is developing rapidly.Point out the fragmentation of endowment insurance system at the same time,for example,the low level of basic endowment insurance system,the huge pension gap,the deficiency of financial support,low pension replacement rate and the deficiency of second and third pillar of endowment insurance support dynamics,.point out the sustainable operation of endowment insurance system of China is facing problems.Then discusses the influence reasons of sustainable endowment insurance system in China:mainly including increasing aging population,fragmentation of the pension system,the lack of cost for the pension system transition mechanism,the weak ability of endowment insurance fund and the treatment level of endowment insurance system,different premium collection agencies,the low collection rate and the objective requirement of the continuous improvement.The fourth chapter is foreign experience for the sustainable development of endowment insurance system,by introducing the insurance fund,the national pension,compulsive deposit endowment insurance system of the main three patterns,list the main representative countries of Germany,Sweden and Singapore's national endowment insurance system development,in the system on the basis of the evaluation of and for the sustainable operation of endowment insurance system in China provide certain model significance and enlightenment.The fifth chapter is the suggestions to promote the sustainable operation of basic endowment insurance system in China,combining with the current background of the times,mainly starting from the continuous operation of the old-age insurance system to improve the defects of the system.The author puts forward a series of conducive suggestions and measures to the sustainable operation of China's basic old-age insurance system,such as setting up the system itself scientifically and rationally,widening the source of pension,strengthening the government's support and financial management,improving its system and regulations,promoting economic development and so on.