Outsourcing Agricultural Production:Evidence From Lichi Farmers

Under the background of China's vigorous efforts to promote agricultural modernization,China's agriculture has a series of problems such as a large proportion of agricultural population,a large number of rural surplus labor forces that are difficult to transfer,tight agricultural resources constraints,and severe land fragmentation.Therefore,it is inevitable that the development of agricultural scale operations is inevitable.trend.At present,the main path for the study of agricultural scale management is to achieve agricultural scale management through land transfer.However,research studies by scholars have shown that the transfer of agricultural land is limited by the current special human-land relationship in China,and it will generate high transaction costs.Under such circumstances,can we look for other possible ways or innovative ways to achieve China's agricultural scale operation?For how to promote agricultural scale management to respond to China's requirements for realizing agricultural modernization,the vast majority of studies are focusing on agricultural land circulation and its scale of operations,while ignoring other roads,such as the issue of agricultural division of labor.The essence of economies of scale lies in the division of labor and specialization.On the basis of the opening up of the service market today,the division of labor in agriculture extends from the original division of labor within the family to the outsourcing of productive services involving the division of labor in society.Such a path can also produce scale.Similarly,some scholars have already proposed that the outsourcing of production links is an important stage for advancing the scale of China's agricultural operations.The road to agricultural scale management can begin with the scale of agricultural production.China's agriculture is in a critical period of deepening specialized division of labor and accelerating transformation of production methods.Agricultural outsourcing services can not only solve a series of agricultural problems,but also be a breakthrough in accelerating the transformation of agricultural production methods.It is also a breakthrough for agricultural scale operations.At present,research on outsourcing of agricultural production at home and abroad mostly focuses on grain crops(rice and corn),and there is a lack of research on the outsourcing of economic crop production links.This article leaves room for discussion.As a typical economic crop of our country,the high economic value and unique production characteristics of litchi will enable litchi growers to use outsourcing services to ensure production and obtain more economic benefits during the production process.Therefore,in this paper,11 aspects of pruning,grafting,cutting,sparse flowering,fruit thinning,applying base fertilizer,weeding,spraying,fertilizer,irrigation,and fruit picking in litchi production are taken as the research object,and household characteristics and family characteristics of litchi planting,regional characteristics,production characteristics,land characteristics,specialized service environment,and policy environment carried out binary Logit regression analysis on the factors affecting the outsourcing behavior of litchi growers in Guangdong Province and Guangxi Province,and conducted outsourcing degree factors.Ordered Multi-class Logit regression analysis.Through empirical research on 600 surveys of pure litchi growers in 42 villages within the jurisdiction of 10 counties and cities in Guangdong Province and Guangxi Province,the following conclusions have been obtained:(1)The proportion of outsourcing activities in the production chain of litchi growers reached 27%.(2)The average outsourcing price of each litchi production process has little difference.(3)The average outsourcing cost of each litchi production process varies greatly.(4)The outsourcing cost of labor-intensive production links is much higher than that of technology-intensive production links.(5)The willingness of litchi growers to outsource in all aspects of production is higher than the actual outsourcing behavior of this link.(6)The proportion of outsourcing in labor-intensive production links is higher than that in technology-intensive production links,and this phenomenon is highly similar under different resource endowments(age,planting area,and area).(7)Household population,relatives and friends serving as village and town cadres,relatives and friends engaged in litchi processing or sales,regional(Guangdong),planting area,outsourcing price of various production links,and technical guidance Outsourcing of litchi growers in Guangdong and Guangxi provinces The behavior has a significant positive effect;gender(male),age,planting years,land fragmentation,and surrounding agricultural outdoor packages have a significant negative impact on the outsourcing behavior of litchi growers in Guangdong and Guangxi provinces.(8)Planting area,production outsourcing price(spray outsourcing price,irrigation outsourcing price)has a significant positive impact on the outsourcing degree of production chain of litchi growers in Guangdong and Guangxi provinces;age,professional service team(having fruit thinning specialty The service outsourcing team,the high-stake-and-change specialization service cooperatives,and production link outsourcing prices(spray flower outsourcing prices,weeding outsourcing prices,and fertilizer outsourcing prices)have significantly outsourced the production links of litchi growers in Guangdong and Guangxi provinces.Negative effect.