Research On WSN Dynamic Topology Routing Protocol Based On Swarm Intelligence Algorithm

Wireless sensor network(WSN)technology is one of the most important technologies in the 21 st century.Wireless sensor network can use a large number of cheap micro sensor nodes to sense,collect and process information and transmit it to the observer.It is one of the powerful tools for monitoring remote environment.At the same time,with the development of information technology,it has broad application prospects in the fields of medical,military,environmental detection,industry and so on.However,the energy of these sensor nodes is limited and hard to supplement,this makes the energy supply become a big defect for the whole network.The lifetime of network has great influence on network performance.So,how to design an efficient and energy-saving routing protocol according to the characteristics of wireless sensor networks has become one of the research hotspots of wireless sensor networks.In this paper,the clustering and data transmission path of wireless sensor network are used to optimize the network topology and routing protocol.The main work is as follows:(1)In order to solve the problem of energy consumption and low efficiency of cluster head distribution in LEACH algorithm,a cluster head optimization algorithm based on genetic algorithm(GA)is proposed.In the selection of cluster heads,the remaining energy of nodes,the energy consumption of receiving data,the energy consumption of data transmission,the number of cluster heads and other factors are considered.First,a correct and reasonable optimization objective is established as the individual evaluation function of genetic algorithm by studying their influence degree and weighting them.Second,genetic algorithm is used to solve the optimal value of individual evaluation function.Last,the optimized cluster heads are determined.By optimizing the quality and quantity of cluster heads,the network load can be reduced and the lifetime can be prolonged.At the same time,genetic algorithm is improved to improve the global search ability and convergence speed.(2)In LEACH algorithm,the cluster heads directly communicate with the sink node,which leads to the problem of unbalanced energy consumption and low energy utilization.In order to solve this problem,a routing algorithm based on ant colony optimization(ACO)algorithm is proposed.According to the energy consumption of data transmission,the data transmission paths of cluster heads are improved by the path optimization ability of ant colony algorithm.The optimal paths are used to improve the energy utilization rate,balance the energy load between nodes,and improve the network lifetime.At the same time,the ant colony algorithm is improved to improve its optimization.(3)In order to solve the problem that sensor nodes cannot move in wireless sensor networks,a method based on mobile convergence node to further increase the complexity and diversity of network topology is proposed.With the help of dynamic sink node,the selection of cluster heads and routing paths are affected,the energy load is further balanced,and the network lifetime is extended.(4)Matlab software is used to simulate the proposed protocol and the proposed feasibility protocol.With the help of the comparison of network lifetime,energy consumption balance of nodes and other aspects,it is proved that the proposed protocol is effective in reducing energy consumption and prolonging the lifetime.