| Diodes and transistor axe two important electronic components in the field of electron-ics.The largest characteristic of diodes is one-way conduction,which has the functions of rectification,detection,regulation,and modulation circuits;triodes can amplify weak signals and be used as contactless switches.It is due to the invention of diodes and triodes that there is now a rich and colorful world of electronic information.Analogous to this,in the past decade or so,people have proposed some classical thermal diode and transistor models in the field of thermodynamics,hoping to achieve effective control of heat flow;recently,quantum thermal diodes and transistor models based on quantum systems have been proposed.It is expected that the heat flow can be effectively controlled in micro-nano size.In this paper,the influence of the squeezed heat store on the rectification effect and entropy of the two-level quantum thermal diode model is calculated by the principal equation method.The effect of the squeezed heat bath on the heat flow amplification effect and entropy production of the three-level quantum thermal transistor model is also calculated.Firstly,this paper introduces two-level quantum diode model(2TLS model)and three-level quantum transistor model(3TLS model)proposed by Joulain et al.The 2TLS model is composed of two subsystems,each of which is connected to a heat bath.The 2TLS model can rectify the passing heat flow under certain conditions.When the energy corresponding to the temperature of at least one side of the system connected to the heat storage is lower than the energy difference of the subsystem,the model has obvious rectification effect.The 3TLS model consists of three subsystems,one of which is coupled to the other two subsystems as a "base level." The other two subsystems are not directly coupled as "emitter" and "collector",and each subsystem is connected to a heat.Library.The 3TLS model can amplify the heat flow passing through under certain conditions.When the energy of the "base level" subsystem connected to the heat storage temperature is one order of magnitude lower than the coupling energy of the subsystems in the system,the model has obvious heat flow amplification effect.Secondly,the effect of the squeezed heat store on the heat flow properties in the above two models was studied.The squeezed state is a quantum state,first discovered in the field of optics,and then widely used in various fields.The squeezed heat bath is a non-equilibrium heat bath that does its work on the system itself.In the 2TLS system,after replacing the hot reservoir connected to one side of the subsystem with a compression heat reservoir,an additional heat flow from the compression heat reservoir to the uncom-pressed heat reservoir will be generated within a small temperature difference between the two subsystems connected to the heat reservoir.,significantly enhance the system recti-fication effect.In the 3TLS system,replacing the“base”subsystem connection thermal storage with the squeezed thermal storage will generate an additional heat flow between the "base" subsystem and the compression thermal storage,which is directed by the squeezed thermal database to the base subsystem.The heat flow amplification effect of the model varies with the temperature of the "base" subsystem connected to the heat reservoir;replacing the "emitter" and "collector" subsystem connection heat reservoirs with the compression heat bath makes the occupancy of the states in the system and The probability of energy level transitions has changed greatly and the amplification effect of the model on heat flow has been destroyed.Finally,this paper studies the effect of the squeezed heat bath on the entropy pro-duction of the above two models.Entropy production is a kind of information flow in the system.The famous "Maxwell Fairy" experiment reveals the "information-heat" mechanism that can use information as a medium to transform energy.In this paper,there are two factors that determine the entropy production of the system by an-alytical derivation.One is the net probability of energy level transitions occurring in the system.The second is the difference between the energy level difference of the transition and the temperature of the connected thermal bath ?ij/TP.In the 2TLS model,after the high energy level difference subsystem is connected with the squeezed hot bath,the entropy of the system is lower than that of the general hot bath.The connection of the low energy level difference subsystem with the squeezed hot bath system will make the entropy production appear negative under certain conditions.In the 3TLS model,after the "base" subsystem is connected to the squeezed hot bath,the entropy production will also have a negative value when the temperature of the squeezed hot bath is very low;After connecting the "emitter" and "collector" subsystems to the squeezed heat bath,if the temperature of the squeezed heat bath is higher than the temperature of other heat bath,the system entropy production will increase compared with the connection of the general heat bath;if conversely,if the squeezed The temperature of the heat bath is lower than other heat bathes,the system entropy production reduces somewhat.The reason for the negative value of the system entropy is that some energy level transitions occur in the system during the temperature band only under the effect of the squeezed heat bath,and the net probability is negative for the transitions in these energy level transitions corresponding to ?Ij/TP is bigger.The change of entropy production in the system at other temperature ranges is due to the fact that the squeezed heat bath changes the net probability of energy level transitions in the system,the net probability of energy level transitions increases,and the entropy production also increases. |
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