Cultivation Of Critical Thinking In Junior High School Novel Teaching Under The Background Of Dole 4R Theory

William e.doll,jr.’s 4R theory of postmodern curriculum view,different from the traditional Taylor principle,only focuses on the goal and realization of the curriculum,but pays more attention to the growth and development of individuals in learning,which is diversified.Doll opposes rigid teaching model and advocates open and diversified classroom teaching.On the basis of reflecting on Taylor’s principle and John Dewey and Alfred North Whitehead’s theories,Doll proposed the 4R theory of“richness”,“regression”,“criticality”and“strictness”.Doll’s post-modernism curriculum view is a kind of curriculum view with critical thinking.Since the 1990 s,more and more attention has been paid to critical thinking,which has an important impact on curriculum reform in China.In recent years,under the influence of critical thinking,Chinese teachers have changed the original traditional teaching mode of one-word teaching in the teaching of novels and guided students to think.Novels teaching is an important part of Chinese teaching.Through the study of novels,students are trained to think independently,appreciate aesthetics and construct language.Junior middle school is a key period to cultivate students’ critical thinking.Junior middle school students’ self-consciousness,cognitive ability and logical thinking ability have been developed rapidly.They no longer blindly listen to teachers’ interpretation,but start to have their own thinking consciousness.Critical thinking plays an important role in training students to think rationally,challenge critically and think independently,which has been recognized by the majority of front-line teachers.However,there are still some problems in the current teaching of novels,such as“lack of openness,closed pursuit of common goals”,“lack of reflection,lack of questioning”,“lack of systematization,lack of intertextuality”,“lack of rationality,lack of subjective assumption”.On the basis of existing research on critical thinking,this paper studies the cultivation of critical thinking in junior middle school fiction teaching under the background of Doll’s4R theory,hoping that the novel teaching strategies proposed can play a guiding role in the cultivation of critical thinking.Based on the Doll 4R theory,this paper studies the cultivation of critical thinking of selected of critical thinking of selected novels in the junior middle school Chinese textbooks by means of literature research,interview,questionnaire and case study.In addition to the introduction and conclusion,this paper is divided into five parts.The first part explores the relationship between Doll’s 4R theory and criticalthinking.This paper mainly discusses the Doll 4R theory,its teaching value and the concept and basic connotation of critical thinking,and analyzes the relationship between the Doll 4R theory’s teaching value and critical thinking,so as to clarify the theoretical basis of the paper.The second part studies the relationship between middle school novel teaching and critical thinking.This part of the general analysis of the new Chinese curriculum standards for the novel teaching requirements,the relationship between the stylistic characteristics of the novel and critical thinking and the psychological characteristics of junior middle school students,clear paper writing realistic basis.The third part is the value analysis of the cultivation of critical thinking in junior middle school novel teaching under the background of Doll’s 4R theory.Based on the4 R theory,this part probes into the teaching of novels and the development of students,and analyzes the positive effect of cultivating critical thinking on the teaching and development of novels in junior middle school.The fourth part analyzes the present situation of critical thinking training in junior middle school novel teaching under the background of Doll’s 4R theory.In this part,through interviews and questionnaires,we understand the current situation of critical thinking training in junior middle school novel teaching,and analyze and discuss the“lack of openness,closed seeking common ground”,“lack of reflection,lack of questioning”,“lack of systematization”,lack of intertextuality”,“lack of rationality,lack of subjective assumption”in novel teaching.The fifth part is the teaching conception of the cultivation of critical thinking in junior middle school novel teaching under the background of Doll theory.This part aims at the problems in the fourth part,and gives corresponding countermeasures respectively,so as to better realize the cultivation of critical thinking in junior middle school novel teaching,and puts forward problems needing attention.Guided by Doll’s 4R theory,this paper explores the combination of 4R theory,critical thinking and junior middle school novel teaching,hoping to deepen the concept of Chinese curriculum and promote better novel teaching.Also hope to bring the novel teaching reference for the first-line Chinese teachers.