| Objective:Sleep is one of the most basic physiological needs of human beings.In the case of insufficient sleep,the body’s lack of physical and mental recovery will have adverse effects on various systems of the body and may even cause various diseases.Anaerobic capacity is one of the main exercise abilities of the human body.the ability of anaerobic ability determines the level of athletic ability.As a special group of college students,college students of physical education not only need to learn theoretical knowledge,but also participate in the training and competition of special courses.The quality of sleep is a key factor affecting the study and training of sports majors.In daily life,this group has the problem of lack of sleep,which will inevitably affect its athletic ability and physical health.However,there are few studies on the lack of sleep in colleges and universities.Therefore,this study explores the changes of HRV and EMG in the anaerobic exercise of the human body after three sleep modes by establishing a model of sleep deprivation,and then guides the sports majors to keep their healthy habits and improve their anaerobic athletic ability.Method:In this study,33 students from physical education majors were selected as experimental subjects.A total of 99 people/time experiments.The sleep insufficiency model was established with reference to the recommended sleep time of young people aged 18-25 in the US Sleep Foundation in 2015,In order:adequate sleep(7h≤sleep time≤9h)(T1),lack of sleep(4h<sleep time<6h)(T2),severe sleep deficiency(sleep time≤4h)(T3);at the same time using physical function monitor(Firstbeat,Bodyguard 2 mode,Finland)monitors and verifies actual sleep time,let the subjects perform Wingate anaerobic exercise after T1,T2,T3 sleep patterns;collect HRV data indicators before and after exercise,including time domain index:RR interval Root mean square value(RMSSD)of standard deviation(SDNN)and adjacent RR interval;frequency domain indicator:mean(LF)of low frequency output power and mean(HF)of high frequency output power;nonlinear index:Poincare Point map short axis(SD1)and Poincare scatter plot long axis(SD2);when pedaling the bicycle,collect EMG signals of the rectus femor:is,including time domain signals:integral electromyography(iEMG)and both Square root value(RMS);frequency domain signal:median frequency(MF)and average power frequency(MPF);and record the maximum power,average power,minimum power,fatigue index of the anaerobic motion of the subject;The fatigue-related physiological indicators of the tester include:urine routine,flash fusion frequency,selective response time,cardiac function index,and subjective fatigue sensation scale(RPE)score.Results:1.HRV test results:Pre-exercise test results:Compared with T1 sleep mode after T3 sleep mode,the time domain indicators:SDNN value and RMSSD value decreased significantly(p<0.05),frequency domain index:HF value decreased significantly(p<0.05),There was no significant change in LF value(p>0.05),LF/HF ratio increased significantly(p<0.05),and non-linear index:SDI decreased significantly(p<0.05),SD2 showed no significant change(p>0.05);students in T2 After sleep mode,there was no significant change in all indexes compared with T1 sleep mode(p>0.05).There was no significant change in the indicators when students compared T3 sleep mode with T2 sleep mode(p>0.05).Post-exercise test results:Students in the T3 sleep mode compared with T1 sleep mode,time domain indicators:SDNN values decreased significantly(p<0.05),RMSSD values did not change significantly(p>0.05),frequency domain indicators:HF values Significantly decreased(p<0.05),LF value did not change significantly(p>0.05),LF/HF ratio increased significantly(p<0.05),nonlinear index:SD1 decreased significantly(p<0.05),SD2 showed no significant change(p>0.05);HF values were significantly(p<0.05)decreased after T2 sleep mode and T1 sleep mode,and the other indicators showed no significant change(p>0.05);students in T3 sleep mode and There was no significant change in each index when compared with T2 sleep mode(p>0.05).2.EMG test results:Compared with T1 sleep mode after T3 sleep mode,the time domain index:iEMG value increased significantly(p<0.01),RMS value increased significantly(p<0.05);students in T2 After sleep mode,there was no significant change in all indexes compared with T1 sleep mode(p>0.05).There was no significant change in the indicators when students compared T3 sleep mode with T2 sleep mode(p>0.05).Frequency domain indicators:Students had no significant change in MF and MPF values after T3 sleep mode compared with T1 sleep mode(p>0.05);students compared T1 sleep mode with T1 sleep mode,MF values and There was no significant change in MPF value(p>0.05).There was no significant change in MF value and MPF value when students compared T3 sleep mode with T2 sleep mode(p>0.05).3.Test results of anaerobic exercise-related indicators:Compared with T1 sleep mode,students had no significant change in maximum anaerobic power(p>0.05),mean anaerobic power decreased significantly(p<0.05),and minimum The anaerobic power decreased significantly(p<0.05)and the fatigue index increased significantly(p<0.05).There was no significant difference in the indexes between the students after T2 sleep mode and T1 sleep mode(p>0.O5).When T3 sleep mode was compared with T2 sleep mode,there was no significant change in each index(p>0.05).4.The other fatigue related physiological indicators test results:Urinary protein(PRO)and urobilinogen(URO):pre-exercise test results:Student’s PRO value was significantly increased(p<0.01)after the T3 sleep mode compared with T1 sleep mode,and the URO value did not change significantly(p>0.05);students showed no significant change in the indicators after T2 sleep mode and T1 sleep mode(p>0.05);when the students compare T3 sleep mode with T2 sleep mode,the PRO value is There was a significant increase(p<0·01)and there was no significant change in the URO value(p>0.05).Post-exercise test results:Student’s PRO value did not change significantly after T3 sleep mode compared with T1 sleep mode(p>0.05),URO value increased significantly(p<0·001);students after T2 sleep mode and T1 After sleep mode,there was no significant change in all indexes(p>0.05).There was no significant change in PRO value(p>0.05)and URO value increased significantly when students compared T3 sleep mode with T2 sleep mode(p<0.05).Flash fusion frequency:pre-exercise test results:students have no significant change in flashfusion frequency after T3 sleep mode compared with T1 sleep mode(p>0.05);students in T2 sleep mode after comparison with T1 sleep mode,There was no significant change in the flash fusion frequency(p>0.05).There was no significant change in the flash critical frequency when the students compared T3 sleep mode with T2 sleep mode(p>0.05).Post-exercise test results:Compared with T1 sleep mode,students had a significant decrease in flash fusion frequency after T3 sleep mode(p<0.05).Compared with T1 sleep mode,students had no flash fusion frequency after T2 sleep mode.Significant changes(p>0.05);there was no significant change in flashfusion frequency when students compared T3 sleep mode with T2 sleep mode(p>0.05).The results of the reduction before and after the flash fusion frequency movement result:the decrease of the flash fusion frequency before and after the students in T2 and T3 modes is greater than 1 Hz;the decrease of the value before and after the exercise is significantly increased after the students in the T3 sleep mode and after the T1 sleep mode.(p<0.001);there was no significant change in the decrease before and after exercise in the T2 sleep mode after the T2 sleep mode(p>0.05);the students before and after the exercise in the T3 sleep mode compared with the T2 sleep mode.The decrease was significantly increased(p<0.05).Choice reaction time:pre-exercise test results:students in the T3 sleep mode compared with the T1 sleep mode,the response was significantly increased(p<0.05);students in the T2 sleep mode compared with the T1 sleep mode,choose There was no significant change in response(p>0.05).There was no significant change in the response of the students when T3 sleep mode was compared with T2 sleep mode(p>0.05).Post-exercise test results:Compared with T1 sleep mode,students had no significant change in response time after T3 sleep mode(p>0.05);students did not respond when compared with T1 sleep mode after T2 sleep mode.Significant changes(p>0.05);there was no significant change in the response of the students when T3 sleep mode was compared with T2 sleep mode(p>0.05).Cardiac index:pre-exercise test results:students had no significant changes in heart rate,oxygen saturation,systolic blood pressure,and diastolic blood pressure after T3 sleep mode compared with T1 sleep mode(p>0.05);students in T2 sleep mode There was no significant difference in heart rate,blood oxygen saturation,systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure after T1 sleep mode(p>0.05).When students compared T3 sleep mode with T2 sleep mode,heart rate and blood oxygen saturation There was no significant change in degree,systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure(p>0.05).Post-exercise test results:Compared with T1 sleep mode,students showed a significant increase in systolic blood pressure(p<0.05),a significant increase in heart rate(p<0.05),no significant change in diastolic blood pressure and blood oxygen saturation after T3 sleep mode(p>0.05);Compared with T1 sleep mode,T2 students showed a significant increase in systolic blood pressure(p<0.05),no significant change in heart rate(p>0.05),no significant change in diastolic blood pressure and oxygen saturation(p>0.05);students in T3 sleep mode and T2 sleep mode There was no significant change in heart rate,blood oxygen saturation,systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure when compared with the lower phase(P>0.05).RPE score results:Pre-exercise test results:RPE showed a significant increase in students after T3 sleep mode compared with T1 sleep mode(p<0.01);students did not have RPE after T2 sleep mode compared with T1 sleep mode Significant changes(p>0.05);there was no significant change in RPE between the T3 sleep mode and the T2 sleep mode(p>0.05).Post-exercise test results:RPE was significantly increased in students after T3 sleep mode compared with T1 sleep mode(p<0.001);RPE was significantly increased after T2 sleep mode compared with T1 sleep mode.p<0.01);RPE showed a significant increase(p<0.001)when students compared T3 sleep mode with T2 sleep mode.Conclusion:(1)Insufficient sleep causes the HRV of the student to be inhibited and reduced,the short-term variation is reduced,the excitability of the cardiac sympathetic nerve is increased,the regulation of the vagus nerve to the heart is weakened,and the sympathetic nerve activity has a distinct advantage in the sympathetic vagus nerve balance.The sympathetic nerves have a more obvious advantage in the sympathovagal balance after anaerobic exercise in the absence of sleep.(2)Insufficient sleep caused an increase in the myoelectric time domain index(iEMG and RMS)of the rectus femoris during anaerobic exercise.Insufficient sleep causes students to experience fatigue during anaerobic exercise.(3)Insufficient sleep can reduce students’anaerobic capacity and fatigue resistance.(4)Insufficient sleep can lead to increased glomerular permeability,decreased rapid response,weakened cardiopulmonary function,decreased central nervous system adaptability,and stress in the body’s sensory system.Insufficient sleep can also cause the body to adapt to quantitative anaerobic exercise,fatigue after exercise and reduce fatigue recovery. |
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