Research On The "Solution" Mental Model Of Junior High School Students

Mental model is the dynamic representation of the external world generated by the individual in the process of cognitive learning or answering and solving problems.It is rooted in the depths of our hearts,and affects the individual's description,interpretation and prediction of things.Studying the construction of students' mental models,especially non-scientific mental models,is helpful to test students' cognitive deficiencies and learning difficulties.At the same time,it is also helpful for teachers to improve teaching methods and achieve effective teaching.The knowledge of solution in junior high school is the basis forthe development of a lot of knowledge,which is of great significance to the change of students' cognitive style.However,some students have certain difficulties in learning solution knowledge.The study of the mental model is an important subject in the field of education research,but less research on the solution mental model of junior high school students.To this end,this subject researches from the related aspects of the solution mental model of junior high school students,in order to provide some factual basis for optimizing junior middle school solution teaching.The research content of this paper consists of four parts.The first part through the literature review analysis of the research background,summarize the existing research results,determine the research direction,clarify the purpose and significanc e of the research,research ideas and research methods.The second part discusses the intrinsic characteristics,common patterns,and influencing factors of the mental model.And the junior high school solution knowledge system was constructed and the learning goal of solution in junior high school was analyzed,A scientific model of "solution" is established to compare with mental models of students.In the third part,through the combination of interpretation,association,application,construction and interview,11 junior high school students from a junior high school in Taizhou were selected as the research object to conduct case studies to understand the structure and influencing factors of the solution mental model of junior high school students.Based on the case study,202 junior high school students in Taizhou were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey to further understand the characteristics and influencing factors of the "solution" mental model of junior high school students.The fourth part summarizes the research results of this topic,the insufficiency of the research,and the enlightenment of teaching and learning from the research results.The results showed that:(1)Life experience plays a dominant role in the construction of mental models for junior middle school students.(2)In real and complex situations,students' mental models of solution are difficult to solve.(3)Junior high school students' solution mental model tends to be macro model.(4)The cognitive structure of some junior middle school students about "solution" is disordered,and the structured degree of their mental model needs to be improved.(5)There are many vague ideas in the "solution" mental model of junior high school students.(6)30.9%of the students believed that the dominant information in their mental models was the content repeatedly emphasized by the teachers in class,19.9%of the students believed that the information highlighted in the textbooks will also occupy a large proportion in the mental model.(7)Students have realized that their mental models deviate from scientific knowledge and hope that their mental models can be improved.47.1%of the students hoped that the teacher could use the teaching method of explaining and asking questions while 39.6%of the students said they would adhere to their own view.(8)Triggering students' cognitive conflict is particularly important for the transformation of mental models.32.6%of the students hoped that the teacher could show the experiment,trigger their own cognitive conflicts and promote their reflection.(9)Inadequate content in textbooks will lead to generalization of students' mental models.18.4%of the students thought that the content of the textbook was simple and the exercises were difficult.