| Mental model is a kind of thinking structure in the subconscious,which has a great influence on our thinking and actions.If we understand the mental models of the students,we can understand hidden within the students minds thinking structure and teachers can improve teaching efficiency and teaching quality.There is a tremendous amount of physical model,the physical construction of physical model teaching and students’ physical model in the traditional teaching occupies an important position.But students’ mental models are rarely noticed,and students’ mental models have an important influence on whether they can build physical models correctly.It is generally accepted by middle school students that physics is a difficult subject.However,the real difficulty of physics is not the "difficulty" in students’ minds.Students’ assumption of physical difficulty makes many students less motivated to study physics.Some students’assumptions about the "high degree of difficulty" of physics are their mental models of what they think about physical subjects,and improving their mental models can improve their physical learning.The main work of this paper mainly focuses on exploring the mental model of high school students on the relationship between work and energy.The law of kinetic energy,which occupies an important position in high school,is an important law of the relationship between work and energy.The study specifically studied students’ mental models of the specific laws of kinetic energy.In addition,this paper also studies the mental model of work and kinetic energy,which are closely related to the kinetic energy theorem。Therefore,the main work of this paper is to study the understanding of the relationship between work and energy,work,kinetic energy kinetic energy theorem and the application of the kinetic energy theorem.There are six dimensions:the relationship between work and energy,whether the force does work or not,the calculation of work,kinetic energy,theorem of kinetic energy and the application of the theorem of kinetic energy.This study specifically studied the mental models of students in these six dimensions.In the course of the investigation,choosing the samples from the students from focus class and the ordinary one,they all come from grade two and three in senior high school。This is a way to analyse the mental model of students by using the two segment diagnosis method。Some tests come from EC A including Work,kinetic energy and therorem of kinetic energy are part of this content,Others are some tests according to the present oriented education system by different teachers working on it together.Some results getting from this investigation(1)The varity of mental model,same point of knowledge could be totally different in different students,there are four different understanding of the connection between work and energy,seven different understanding of that object actually doing the work or not,four different understanding of therorem of kinetic energy。They always use relative displacement instead of displacement to analyse,and get wrong answer,there are many reasons of existing circumstances including their knowledge,study habits and even the teaching way of their teachers。(2)The self-optimization of mental model,students from grade three are much more familiar with the point of knowledge than grade two,mental model could be changing with age and konwldege,more training makes them get better result in test。(3)The unstablity of mental model,In different situations some student may be confused of same conception,some students believe that kinetic energy changes with speed,they ignore that the velocity is vector,but if you ask them velocity can be change through what part,they know it clearly speed and direction,of coure this is a kind of definition of vector.By setting out these four mental models,we try to find the causal relationship between the apparence of students and models during this investigation,hoping the jobs could be helpful of Physics teaching。... |
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