The National Cultural Characteristics And Enlightenment Of The Basic Education Reform In Finland

In the previous PISA of different themes,Finnish students show remarkable achievements in reading,math and science literacy.Compared to educational reform with the aim of strengthening competition,standardization,tests and shame which is enforced by some countries,the educational reform in Finland is deeply rooted in its own national culture,and finds a unique educational development road with distinctive national characteristics,excellent education quality and high international reputation.The effective reform of basic education in Finland is closely related to its own cultural characteristics.Finland’s national culture shapes education and melts into the blood of educational reform and practice.In order to understanding the reform of Finnish education and learning from it,we need to know the culture that breeds it first.Finland has a very cold environment,a history of being invaded and colonized,a belief in the Lutheranism,a political culture of welfare state,and a reading culture of universal participation.In the course of the development of the basic education reform,the SISU spirit,the fairness culture,the public good culture and the integrated educational idea which are towards to the life and future,have played an important role in value leading and shaping.This paper is composed of four parts.The first part is introduction,which briefly analyzes the reason and significance of the topic,defines the relevant core concepts,and combs the related literatures.The second part mainly combs the development process of Finnish basic education reform in one hundred year.C losely related to the theme,the third part summarizes the core of the national cultural characteristics in the reform of basic education in Finland.They are the SISU spirit,the fairness culture,the public good culture and the integrated educational idea which towards to the life and future.Then,the paper systematically expounds the manifestations of these four kinds of culture in the practice of Finnish basic education system.In the fourth part,the paper uses Hofstede’s theory of cultural dimensions to make a preliminary comparison of the cultural perspective between C hina and Finland.Menwhile,some feasible enlightenments are given.