Research On Installing Elevators In Old Communities In Beijing

After decades of reform of the urban community system and the housing system,the main housing market in China's cities has changed from incremental to stock,and many existing old communities are in urgent need of reconstruction.By promoting the transformation and governance of old communities,this will transform government functions,adjust the relation between government and society,promote the supply of high-quality public goods and services,improve the public welfare and living standards of the people,and ultimately promote modernization of national governance system and capacity from the bottom up.The installation of elevators in old buildings is a kind of quasi-public goods provided by communities with incomplete competition and incomplete exclusivity.It is a typical problem in the process of centrally reflecting urban renewal and community governance,but compared with othe rquasi-public goods provided by communities,in addition to the characteristics of general quasi-public goods,it is more complicated and special.From the perspective of typology,this is a refinement of the theoretical understanding of public goods.Therefore,research on this issue is not only of great significance in itself,but also can provide inspiration for other communities to provide quasi-public goods.However,the problem of how to promote the successful installation of elevators in old buildings is a difficult problem in both theory and practice.Theoretically,the problem of installing elevators in old buildings is the supply of elevators,but it basically involves the allocation of monopoly public space resources in the same building.As far as the demand side is concerned,the installation of elevators in old buildings has basic characteristics of quasi-public goods,but it is difficult to achieve the general way of solving the cost-benefit problem of club goods and Common-pool resources.On the supply side,due to the self-interest motives of residents as "rational economic people" and the rule arrangement of "one-vote veto",it is difficult to reach consensus among residents,especially between high-level residents and low-level residents.Installing the elevator becomes the only "Nash equilibrium".From the perspective of practice,the specific difficulties faced by the elevator installation in old buildings include high costs,complicated processes,difficult negotiation and technical difficulties,etc.,which makes it difficult to install elevators.However,although theoretical analysis and practical feedback indicate that installing elevators in old buildings is difficult to achieve,many successful cases have indeed emerged in reality.So what are the common points and the key elements of thesuccessful cases of installing elevators in these old buildings?This article selects three communities in Beijing with prominent success cases of installing elevators to study the key elements.Finally,a comprehensive selection system was constructed from the perspective of the primary choice designer of the grass-roots government with the help of nudge theory,to solve the predicament of installing elevators in old buildings to achieve good results.There are two outstanding advantages to using the nudge theory as a classic theory of behavioral economics to solve this problem:On the one hand,due to respect for people's right to free choice,democracy and grassroots democratic autonomy are fully reflected;on the other hand,the theory applies psychological principles help the government to optimize the design of policies and can guide people to make more useful choices and decisions.In general,this paper can explore the general framework and theoretical guidance for the governance of the overall old community public affairs by analyzing the special quasi-public goods,namely installing elevators in old communities.In the process of governance of specific community public affairs,we can learn from similar nudge means.