Research On The Relationship Between Environmental Perception, Local Attachment And Social Integration Of Tourist Labor Migration

As a new type of population flowing phenomenon,the tourism labor migrants have been prevalent around the world.In the mobility spectrum,they have the multiple characteristics of both general migrants and tourism migrants,which gives them special research significance.Old Town of Lijiang,as a typical gathering place of tourism migrants in China,the tourism labor migrants has become an indispensable driving force for its tourism development.Facing the transformed regional space and social situation,how to integrate them into an unfamiliar society needs urgent attention.Through literature review,it is found that there are few studies which combine the cognitive psychological factors of floating individuals with place attachment,and systematically analyze the intrinsic psychological driving mechanism of tourism labor migrants' social integration.Therefore,this study focuses on Lijiang old town as a case study,takes social integration as the core concept,and constructs a theoretical model based on the theory of "cognitive-emotion-behavior" to analysis the relationship between environmental perception and social integration of tourism labor migrants.This study intends to clarify the following questions:(1)The structure and degree of tourism labor migrants' social integration;(2)For the specific place of immigration.whether the unique environmental characteristics which are often regarded as variables of background factors,can be used as vital predictors of social integration for tourism labor migrants?If so,what are the specific path of influence?In response to the above questions,the author went to the Old town of Lijiang twice.Fieldwork was conducted for 57 days,mainly with questionnaires to obtain data.The research process and technical route are as follows:Firstly,based on the literature review,the environmental perception,place attachment and social integration of tourism labor migrants are preliminarily defined,and measurement scales are designed;Secondly,the exploratory factor analysis method is used to analyze the dimension composition of social integration,and the first-order factor structure is used to verify the feasibility of dimensions.Besides,using the multiple linear regression method to analyze the influence of individual factors on social integration;finally,the theoretical models of environmental perception,place attachment and social integration of tourism labor migrants are constructed,and the hypothesis are verified by structural equation model.Through empirical analysis,the conclusions of this study are as follows:(1)The social integration of tourism labor migrants consists of four dimensions:economic integration,cultural integration,social relations integration and psychological integration;the overall level of social integration is not so high,more than half of the tourism labor migrants are not well integrated into society.Among them,the level of social relation integration is the highest,followed by economic integration and cultural integration,and the level of psychological integration is the lowest;social integration has significant differences in educational level,area of origin and time of residence.Age and marital status have certain effects on economic integration and psychological integration respectively,and there is no significant gender difference in social integration.(2)The social integration of tourism labor migrants is directly affected by environmental perception and place attachment.Among them,the perception of tourism business environment and place dependence have the most significant impact,which indicate that the emotional attitude of tourism labor migrants towards the environment of the place of immigration stays at the level of functional dependence.(3)Environmental perception of tourism labor migrants has a significant positive influence on place attachment.Among them,the perception of tourism business environment has the most significant impact,and different environmental perceptions have greater impact on place dependence than place identity.This shows that the tourism business environment is vital to construct the place attachment of tourism labor migrants who mainly seek economic benefits.(4)Place attachment plays a positive mediating role between environmental perception and social integration.Specifically,place attachment plays a full mediation role in the relation between natural environment perception and economic integration,natural environment perception and cultural integration,natural environment perception and social relationship integration,tourism business environment perception and cultural integration,while the rest are all partial mediating effects.The conclusions enrich the relevant study of social integration's influence mechanism.They not only reveal the impact path of "environmental perception-place attachment-social integration",but also confirm the applicability of"evaluation-emotional response-behavioral response" of self-regulatory attitude theory in the management level of migrant destination.At the same time,this paper also puts forward management strategies for environmental perception and place attachment,which can provide theoretical reference and practical guidance for understanding and promoting the integration of tourism labor migrants.The innovations of this research are as follows:(1)In terms of the perspective of research,focusing on the social integration structure and influence mechanism of tourism labor migrants,expands the application scope of social integration theory to a certain extent,and makes up for the shortage of academic research on this group;(2)From the research content,the"environmental perception-place attachment-social integration" model of tourism labor migrants is constructed,which provide new variables for the study on influence mechanism of social integration.