Needs, Nature, And A Society That Is More Prone To Survival—A Study Of William Rice's Ecological Socialism Thought

Industrial civilization in the past more than 200 years to create more material wealth than the sum of history,the level of social productivity has made considerable progress.But with it is human activities of the breadth,depth and intensity of unprecedented deepening,the relationship between human and nature has become increasingly tense,resource crisis and environmental disaster ensued,climate change,ocean acidification,land degradation,species decline.The ecological balance of traditional society is broken,and the Earth environment faces its safety limit.In the face of various challenges,we need to rethink the relationship between the realization of individual freedom and nature and society.This article takes the Canadian scholar William Leiss ecological socialism thought as the research object.The first chapter introduces Leiss' s ecological socialist thought and focuses on his research ideas on the dilemma of demand.Leiss' s exploration of ecological socialism is based on the ideological background of "the transformation of society and its authoritative origin",and the idea of controlling nature has evolved into an axis,showing the gradual distortion of human,social and natural relations.The problem of demand dilemma is rooted in the market structure of high intensity,at the same time,we can see that people's living conditions have not changed well,let alone realize the liberation of human nature.In the highly intensive market society,people to achieve their own satisfaction with the continuous consumption of goods,social system with the promotion of productivity,to ensure the supply of public demand as the center,access to legal resources.Leiss reveals the inner contradictions of the bourgeois society's mechanism of "satisfying the people's material needs to maintain the legitimacy of governance" : its outstanding manifestation is distorted in personal dimension,social dimension and natural dimension.In turn,he examines the economic and social structural conditions and cultural awareness factors that create this situation.On this basis,Leiss pointed out that the construction of a suitable society and cultivate their corresponding cultural awareness to replace the current state of existence,specifically to improve the needs of the three dimensions to prepare conditions.The second chapter evaluates Leiss' s ecological socialist thought.The author fully evaluates Leiss' s contribution to the concept of controlling nature,the understanding of science and technology and the ideal of social system reform,and affirms Leiss' s impetus to the development of eco-socialism theory.The third chapter explores the Enlightenment of Leiss' s ecological social change to the construction of China's ecological civilization in combination with Chinese context.