Preliminary Research On Hard Pottery With Geometric Prints During The Shang And Zhou Dynasties In Anhui Area

Anhui province in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties,as one of the important channels of material and cultural exchange between the north and the south in ancient times,was close to Jiangxi and Zhejiang where were the two main origins of original porcelain and printed hard pottery.There were many geometrically printed hard pottery unearthed in the past years in Anhui province while the research on them is rare.It is helpful to explore the development path and strengthen cognition of the geometrically printed hard pottery based on the research of it.This paper studies on the unearthed artifacts in Anhui province over the past years with typological analysis and preliminarily staging of geometrically printed hard ceramics unearthed locally.Through the comparation of the unearthed materials in the surrounding areas,this paper discusses the origin and flow direction of geometrically printed hard pottery in Anhui province and its relationship with the surrounding archaeological culture.This paper is divided into five parts.The first chapter describes the research background,reviews of the academic history and research status of geometric impression hard pottery,specifying the research space and time scope as well as the specific research objects.It uses data statistics,typology,stratigraphy and related methods to analyze the local artifacts scientifically to achieve the research purpose.Due to the great differences in quantity and types of artifacts and cultural features between Jianghuai area and southern Anhui area,the two areas were studied and discussed respectively.In the second chapter,the author first makes a statistical analysis of the unearthed artifacts in southern Anhui in the past years,and then analyzes the types and patterns of typical artifacts to explore the evolution rules of the types of artifacts and patterns development and change,based on which the author discusses the stages and ages of the geometrically printed hard pottery.The geometric imprinted hard pottery unearthed in Jianghuai area is weaker,and there are fewer artifacts,especially complete ones.But there are more stratigraphic relationships or typical unearthed artifacts.In the third chapter,the author statistically sorted out the unearthed discoveries in the Jianghuai area over the years,conducts type analysis and decoration change analysis for cans,and discusses the stages and ages of geometrically imprinted hard pottery.In the fourth chapter,by comparing with the geometrically printed hard pottery in Ningzhen area,Taihu Lake area and Ganpo area,the author discusses the relationships and differences among the regions,as well as the cultural elements of the regions.The study shows that most of the geometrically imprinted hard pottery discussed in this paper are from the south because of cultural exchange or trade.In the fifth chapter,some issues are discussed.The distribution characteristics of the geometrically impression hard pottery in Anhui province are firstly discussed.From the perspective of age,the geometrically print hard pottery in Anhui province began to develop from weak to strong in the late Shang Dynasty,reached its peak in the Western Zhou Dynasty,and declined in the East Zhou Dynasty.It gradually weakened from the south of Anhui province to the Jianghuai region,and faded away in the north of Huaihe River.And then,it discusses the Mound Tombs and primitive porcelain which are closely related to the geometrically printed hard pottery.