A Comparative Study Of "Manchurian Railway Management Policy" Between Shinpei Goto And Jotaro Yamamoto

South Manchuria Railway Co.,Ltd.(SMRC),Referred to as "Manchuria Railway",a huge overseas colonial organization founded by Japan in northeast China in the 20 th century,has been engaged in colonial activities,economic plunder and intelligence theft in China for more than 40 years.The operation of SMRC is the specific implementation of the "Man-Mongolian Policy" which is quite the core of the "Mainland Policy" of Japan’s invasion of China,while the presidents of SMRC are the key figures to cooperate with the Japanese government in implementing this policy.In the course of the development of SMRC,Shinpei Gotoh,the first president who founded SMRC after the Japanese-Russian War,and Yohtaro Yamamoto,who took his post during Japan’s economic crisis and became the president in the heyday of SMRC,had an important influence in the history of the management of SMRC.Therefore,their “SMRC Management Policy” is a significant basis for the research of the adjustment of the purposes,means and processes of Japan’s invasion of China during these two important periods.In order to consolidate the victory of the Japanese-Russian war and make China more "Japanese",Shinpei Gotoh formally founded SMRC in 1906.Under the guiding ideology of "the theory of literary outfit and military preparation" and the operating principles of "Dalian Centralism" and "Lvshun Operation Theory",he laid the basis for SMRC management in the following 40 years and draw open the curtain of colonization.Tohtaro Yamamoto took office in 1927 when Japan’s domestic economy was about to collapse.He put forward the "positive policy of Manchuria and Mongolia",the "New Management Policy of SMRC" and the "Three National Policies",with the main purpose of solving Japan’s domestic economic crisis and turning Northeast China into an overseas raw material supply place and product dumping place.The management of Tohtaro Yamamoto had stabilized SMRC in the economic crisis after 20 years of operation.Objectively speaking,both of Shinpei Gotoh’s and Tohtaro Yamamoto’s policies on SMRC have improved the management and created economic benefits in different periods,which also provided economic support and conditions for Japan’s further invasion in China.However,as the "vanguard" of Japan’s invasion,the unjust activities of SMRC to colonize and invade China would definitely be rejected and eliminated in the trend of anti-fascist struggles of the time.Finally,when Japan surrendered in 1945,SMRC,the colonial organization belonging to Japan’s "National Policy Agency" collapsed,which marked the failure of the management of SMRC by Shinpei Gotoh and Tohtaro Yamamoto.