| Qing Wen Qi Meng is the earliest Manchu-Chinese bilingual textbook,which was written in 1730,about thirty years earlier than the known vernacular literature Dream of Red Mansions.The second volume of this book(also named as Jian Han Man Zhou Tao Hua)is Manchu-Chinese bilingual dialogues between Manchu and Chinese,with 51 dialogues in total.It has distinctive colloquial style of Beijing dialect,in which a lot of Erhua words are used.And it has important value and significance to study the characteristics and the formation of Erhua of Beijing dialect in the early Qing Dynasty.The introduction part comprehensively and systematically sorts out the related results of the study of Chinese Erhua,Erhua of Beijing dialect and Erhua in Qing Wen Qi Meng,and introduces the research value of the topic and the research method of this thesis.In order to explore the characteristics of Erhua in Beijing dialect in the early Qing Dynasty,the first chapter focuses on the comprehensive description and analysis of Erhua in Qing Wen Qi Meng,and describes the usage of Erhua in detail.Firstly,the usage of Erhua is explained in general.Secondly,the characteristics of Erhua are studied from the aspects of the structure,function and meaning.The types of Erhua structure are divided into two categories:whole Erhua and partial Erhua.Whole Erhua includes Single-morpheme Erhua and compound-morpheme Erhua.Partial Erhua includes post-morpheme Erhua and pre-morpheme Erhua.The second chapter sorts out the usage of Erhua in the literatures of Beijing dialect in Yuan Dynasty,Ming Dynasty and in the early,middle and late periods of Qing Dynasty from the diachronic perspective.Through diachronic comparison analysis,a dynamic research was made of the development of Beijing dialect,specially focusing on the characteristics of Erhua of Beijing dialect in the early Qing Dynasty and the key role it played in the formation of Beijing dialect in Qing Dynasty.In the third chapter,from synchronic perspective,it makes a geographical contrast in the early Qing Dynasty among Beijing dialect,Shandong dialect and Henan dialect,and makes a comprehensive study of their respective characteristics of Erhua in the three kinds of dialects.It also summaries the common characteristics of Erhua of northern dialects in the early Qing Dynasty and the regional characteristics of Erhua of Beijing dialect in the early Qing Dynasty.The conclusion part summarizes all research conclusions and analyzes the reasons for the formation of the characteristics of Erhua of Beijing dialect in the Qing Dynasty.It is believed that the formation of Erhua of Beijing dialect in Qing Dynasty is not only the result of following the development law of Chinese itself,but also influenced by the contact between Manchu and Chinese. |
