Research On The People's Education In Pingba, Guizhou During The Anti-Japanese War

In the national crisis of the modern Chinese nation invaded by foreign powers,Chinas advanced intellectuals began to realize the importance of building “new nationals”.People's education began to rise in the 1920 s and 1930 s,mainly to train young people and the adults who had no school education in the era.Through cultivating their literacy skills,enhancing their physical quality,and mastering rich agricultural production skills and handicraft production skills,they can form a modern nation-state ideology that loves their own nation and country.After the outbreak of the July 7th Incident in 1937,the national crisis of the Chinese nation deepened.As the rear of China's southwestern war of resistance,Guizhou developed the human and material resources of Guizhou to support the Anti-Japanese War.It became an important strategic measure of the Guizhou provincial government during the Republic of China.In this historical background,the people's education in Pingba County of Guizhou Province during the Anti-Japanese War also developed vigorously.The people's education in Pingba County of Guizhou Province during the Anti-Japanese War was mainly aimed at the cultural situation of the local illiterate people.It actively carried out literacy campaigns to reducing illiteracy rate,improved their cultural level.It also educated them to love their nation and county in the education of people's literacy movement.At the same time,it educated the public to have simple medical knowledge,develop relevant clean and hygienic habits,and carry out various sports and physical activities.Beyond that,in order to making use of Pingba's good agricultural production conditions,it taught production techniques such as mulberry planting and silkworm rearing,raising chickens and ducks,and resisting various agricultural production disasters.Therefore,educating the people to be literate,patriotic,physical,and production became the main content of the public education in Pingba County during the Anti-Japanese War.Correspondingly,the methods of public education in Pingba County of Guizhou Province during the Anti-Japanese War period were also diverse.Its main performance was the opening of corresponding cultural education facilities such as the public education hall,library,reading room.It used local townships and insurance schools as a venue to open a large number of public schoolsduring the primary and secondary school holidays,which was often the slack season of local farming production.It also carefully planed and counted the number and members who receiving education.In addition,it also used tour publicity vehicle to held a variety of patriotic speeches and sang songs on tour in the county sports stadium,the townships and other places which collected more people.Guizhou is located in the southwest of the motherland,and its social economy,culture and education were relatively backward compared with the eastern region.During the Anti-Japanese War,the literacy education of the public education in Pingba County of Guizhou Province improved the local literacy rate to a certain extent.It cultivated the people's production skills,medical knowledge and health knowledge,and to a certain extent promoted the local society to transition from traditional society to modern society.At the same time,during the national crisis during the Anti-Japanese War,the people were widely educated to love their own nation and country,which presented the historical development process of the popularization of the ideas of the modern nation-state to the local people.However,during the period of the Anti-Japanese War,the public education in Pingba County of Guizhou Province was carried out under the leadership of the Guizhou Provincial Government and the Pingba Local Government during the Republic of China.It did not have a deep understanding of the actual situation of the local people's production and life,and the active participation of the people was not strong.Therefore,it also has its limitations.