Research On Adjectives In "Yi Zhou Shu"

Yizhoushu was an important ancient text in the pre-Qin period,but due to its unclear origins and the serious loss of its text,it has long received no attention.Jin kongChao for its note,until the Qing Lu WenChao,Wang NianSun,Zhu Youzeng and so on have been depose and note the book one after another,Yizhoushu’s value gradually become known.Although Yizhoushu has gradually become a hot spot in academic research in recent thirty ye ars,its adjective research is still in preliminary stage and has a lot of space to explore.Based on the exhaustive statistics,this paper detailedly describes and analyzes the adjectives in Yizhoushu in terms of semantics and grammar,inorder to explor its general picture and features.Specific research is divided into the following sections.The first chapter introduces the basic situation and research history of Yizhoushu by introducing the origin of the title,the book age,the specific content,the version spread and the research status of Yizhoushu.Secondly,a simple summary of the research methods,significance and value of this article.Finally,the introduction of adjectives and the judgment standards of this article Adjectives.The second chapter first divides the adjectives of Yizhoushu into two categories of nature adjectives and state adjectives from the perspective of semantics.Nature adjectives can be divided into adjectives that describe one’s moral character and other adjectives of ordinar y nature.Among them,people have good and bad personality qualities,so adjectives that describe the person’s ability to perform personality can be divided into smaller categories.State adjectives can also be subdivided into several categories that repre sent speed,time,quantity,body,color,age,human emotions,states,and other common state adjectives.In fact,in these categories of meaning,some adjectives can also constitute synonyms,synonyms,antonyms and so on.on the basis of this,we describe each adjective separately in terms of ability of syntactic composition,morphological change,utilization and word-class shift in Yizhoushu.analyzes the time that it has been produced and used in the handed down literature in order to have a more comprehensive and in-depth understanding of every adjective used in the book.Secondly,we discuss the special use of words and corruptions,such as interchangeability characters,ancient and modern characters,variant characters related to adjectives in Yi Zhouzh u.Finally,based on the analysis of all the adjectives,it is found that the meaning and usage of the adjectives in different chapters of Yizhoushu have different characteristics of the times.Therefore,the number and proportion of adjectives used in dif ferent eras are calculated to judge,and then compare the views between the conclusion of this article and other views which discussed the purpose of each book into the book era in Yizhoushu.Thus more evidence is provided for the judgment of the book era.The third chapter can be divided into two parts: First,based on the concrete analysis of each adjective in chapter two,this chapter summarizes the Yizhoushu from three aspects: the ability of syntactic composition,the change of morphology and word-class shift The grammatical features of adjectives reveal that most of the adjectives in Yizhoushu are more capable of making syntactic components.The most important grammatical functions are predicates,followed by objects,attributives,adverbs,and subject,but seldom used as complement;the modality of inflection is not very rich,monosyllable adjectives occupy the absolute superiority,the polyphonic adjectives are not fully developed,there is no compound adjectives;the phenomenon of word-class shift are neither rich,mainly adjectives are used as verbs and noun.Secondly,the author compares the adjectives in Yizhoushu with the grammatical features of adjectives in Mencius and Xunzi,and finds that Yizhoushu,Mencius and Xunzi show a high degree of consistency,indicating that the adjectives of Yizhoushu basically have more perfect grammatical functions.In terms of morphology change,from the studies of the number and percentage of polyphonic adjectives and the diversity of their structure and style,the adjectives of the polyphony in Yizhoushu have not been fully developed,while the Mencius and Xunzi are still dominated by monosyllable adjectives,but polyphony adjectives have also gained great development.