A Study On The Acquisition Of Chinese Parallel Subject And Object For Foreign Students

This paper based on previous studies respectively investigated the native condition and the acquisition condition of coordinate subject and coordinate object,and further compare this two conditions.In the aspect of the native coordinate items:both coordinate subject and coordinate object are mainly nominal coordinate structures.The examples with marks are much more than the examples without marks.The examples with single mark are much more than the examples with multiple marks.And the most are the examples with“和”.While,the condition of coordinate object is more complicated than coordinate subject.Coordinate object is divided into two types:verbal coordinate object and prepositional coordinate object.In verbal coordinate object,the rate of using the predicate structure has more proportion,and the marks are more plentiful.But at the same time,the condition of prepositional coordinate object is more similar with coordinate object.In the aspect of the native coordinate ordering:coordinate subject and coordinate object both have nine principles,which are significance principle,culture principle,familiarity principle,logical relation principle,time sequence principle,correspondence principle,spatial sequence principle,formation principle and importance principle.But in coordinate object,there are more lower classifications of ordering.Coordinate subject and coordinate object corpus,both have high rate of using significance principle,and the semantic focus is inclined to the front coordinate item.However,the tendencies of ordering principles and semantic focus exists differences between them:In coordinate subject corpus,the frequency of using culture principle,familiarity principle,logical relation principle are more than others,and the semantic focus appears two stages distribution:the semantic focus on the front>the semantic focus on the last,no semantic focus.In coordinate object corpus,the usage of logical relation principle,culture principle,time sequence principle are more than other principles,and the semantic focus appears three stages distribution:The semantic focus on the front>the semantic focus on the last>no semantic focus.In the aspect of the foreigners’ coordinate items:As a whole,compare with the native speakers of Chinese,the foreign learners use coordinate subject and prepositional coordinate object insufficiently.But using verbal coordinate object is similar with the native.Moreover,foreign learners use much nominal coordinate structures more than the native,while the richness of marks are less.Therefore,teachers need reinforce the concept of coordinate subject and coordinate object,stimulate input of these two coordinate structures,and strengthen relevant practices.Textbooks and syllabuses also need add relevant contents.About foreign learners’ errors:The error rate of coordinate object is more than coordinate subject.Whether coordinate subject or coordinate object,the acquisition difficulty about conjunction is not high.With the improvement of Chinese level,foreign learners can correct easily.Teachers need reinforce the comparison of each conjunction and preposition.The error rate of "component replacement" is highest,and this error is difficult to correct.Teachers should courage learners to use it more,and try their best to help learners to correct.In the aspect of the foreigners’ coordinate ordering:It finds that nine principles above are all in the interlanguage corpus.And both the semantic focus in coordinate subject and object are the semantic focus on the front>no semantic focus>the semantic focus on the last.Compared with the native who can use the principles flexibly,the foreigners use the principles more simply.