The Study Of Silla Immigration Into Ancient Japan

Silla was established in 57 BC and was destroyed in 935.As for the earliest exchanges between Silla and Japan,the record of Sanguo Shiji began in 50 BC.,however,the record of the Japanese book began in 28 BC.Although the two books recorded differently,it is worth affirming that in the first Century BC,Silla was in contact with Japan.From then on,Silla people volunteered or were forced to migrate to Japan until nine century continuously and became a part of Silla immigrants.They referred to the Silla people and their descendants who entered Japan from first to nine century.This paper analyzes ancient Silla immigrants in Japan between seven and nine century,focusing on immigration reasons,living conditions in two different stages,and comparing the 7-9 century immigrants from Silla with other mainland immigrants,then analyzes Silla immigration's influence on Japan and Silla society from many aspects and angles.Since the mid and late first century BC,Silla had been in contact with Japan,but the relationship between the two sides was dominated by tension,and the military conflict had occurred for many times.As a result,Japan obviously had the upper hand.Combined with the records of Three Kingdoms Shiji and Japan Shuji,we analyzed Silla immigrants before seventh Century and pointed out that Silla immigrants were passive immigrants in this period.Then we further discuss the treatment and marital status of Silla immigrants in Japan,and conclude that the treatment of Silla immigrants in Japan before seventh century was gradually improved.Of course,the treatment of Silla immigrats was not better than Koguryo and Baekje immigrants,but also had some changes.Finally,it is pointed out that the marriage of Silla immigrants developed from a single to a diversified form.Compared with the previous period,Silla immigrants during seven and nine century tended to be more active.The reasons lie not only in the tension between Silla and Tang Dynasty,but also in Silla's domestic political struggles and natural disasters.Under the common effect of these factors,Silla immigrants came to Japan.In order to put them in place,Japan specially set up the seats of XiTian County,DuoHu County,Silla town and Silla County,so a large number of Silla immigrants settled down in the form of collective settlement.Since then,Japan not only in economy implemented tax relief and reduced labor policy,but in politics Japan allow Silla people enter official.In addition,Japan also used the way of giving surnames,from officials to the common people,to gradually expand the scope of the surname,to further stabilize the society and maintain its rule.These immigrants from Silla also participated in cultural and educational undertakings and religious activities in Japan,so promoted the progress of Japanese society.During seven and nine century,many mainland people emigrated to Japan,including Baekje,Koguryo,Tang Dynasty and Silla immigrats,and so on.Among them,the number of immigrants and Baekje and Koguryo were most,and were the largest number of immigrant group.In contrast,immigrats in Silla and Tang Dynasty were relatively scattered,the number was also less than them,and their development were also different after arriving Japan.Compared with the Koguryo immigrants,Silla and Koguryo officials who entered Japan the power center officials both were very little,and only some people were awarded the courtiers surname,the rest were in lower level officials.However,from the view of literature or history,some of the immigrants in Silla were very talented and had a high level in Chinese.They were highly valued by the upper class of Japan.They had participated in the compilation and creation of Japanese literature and promoted the development of Japanese literature.In contrast,the number of Koguryo immigrants who participated in literature was less,so the influence was naturally finite.Compared with Baekje immigrants,Silla immigrants were at a disadvantage in many aspects,such as the surname,office,and so on.However,Japan did not give completely preferential treatmeat to Baekje immigrants.Baekje royals and their descendants who broke Japanese laws still would be demoted,sentenced to exile or punished.Indeed,compared with other mainland immigrants,the number of immigrants in Silla was relatively small,but it had a certain impact on Japanese and Silla society.For Japan,Silla immigrants both had skilled and knowledge-based talents,so they had a profound impact on the Japanese society.For Silla,the loss of population had caused a certain negative impact on it.