On Saussure's Structuralism And Its Contribution To The Development Of Literary Theory

Ferdinand De Saussure(1857-1913)was a Swiss linguist.He taught the course"General Linguistics" three times between 1906 and 1911.After his death,his students compiled and published books based on lecture notes and student notes.The book is entitled "Course in General Linguistics’".Because of the many concepts,propositions and even ideas proposed in the book,the book not only has a great influence on the field of linguistic studies,but also has the power to transform within many humanities disciplines and within the disciplines.In the history of the development of western literary theory in the 20th century,the structuralism-post-structuralism pioneered by Saussure not only became a trend-setting school,but also opened a far-reaching ideological movement.Many theoretical claims have been made so far.Saussure’s structuralism finds the resources for theoretical reproduction.This article will examine the important concepts and propositions of Saussure’s phonology and semiotic theory,and on this basis will explore the theoretical connotation and features of Saussure’s structuralism and contribute to the development of literary theory.The first part focuses on Saussure’s phonology theory.Saussure identified linguistic research objects as speech rather than words,and phonology was Saussure’s direct study of speech,and it was the earliest field that reflected structural principles of structuralism.This article first focuses on Saussure’s concept of "phoneme" and the method of studying phonemes."Phonemes" are the smallest units obtained by "auditory impressions" when analyzing a word chain.In fact;it is through the "acoustic impression" of psychological essence to get rid of physical physiological sounds,and to stress the importance of form through psychologicalism.However,slightly different from the later Prague school,Saussure did not give up on the study of pronunciation,and described the phonemes by determining the positive and negative factors.The second part examines Saussure’s semiotic theory.Saussure’s semiotic theory is a field that more profoundly and folly reflects its structuralist approach.Saussure uses semiotics as a basis to establish a series of concepts for linguistics,such as"language/verbal","synchronic/diachronic","aggregate/combination",etc.In fact,a set of linguistic models has been established.Semiotic theory was later summarized by Roland Barthes as the "structuralist activity" way of thinking.Saussure’s structuralism emphasizes duality,focuses on the system based on differences,and examines the meaning and value from it;at the same time,it theoretically eliminates the subjectivity of human beings and has typical linguistic formalism.These features continued in the post-Sauschelian post-structuralist post-structural trend of thought;even if structuralist trends faded,post-Marxism,post-modernism lead the trend today,the linguistic formalism can still be seen playing Influence.The author of this article advocates returning to the source of structuralism,Saussure’s "General Linguistics Tutorial",by re-editing Saussure’s related concepts(using phonemes and symbols as the main subjects)and related ideas(as arbitrariness).And systematic concepts as representatives),trying to excavate the deep connotation of structuralism,and based on this criticism.At the same time,structuralism-post-structuralism is an important component of Western literary theory in the 20th century.Structuralist masters have fruitful results in the practice of literary criticism and cultural criticism.In the course of the construction of the discipline of literature,Jacobson established the object of study for him:"Literary." In the era of structuralism,literary studies gradually evolved into "literary" and turned into a study of"literary nature of non-literature".The research scope is more open and covers the cultural phenomenon of daily life.Saussure’s structuralism and its linguistic formalism influence the development of contemporary literary theory.This article focuses on the conceptual system of Saussure’s phonology and semiotics,expounding the theoretical features of Saussure’s structuralism and its contribution to the development of literary theory.