| Objective:To evaluate whether contrast-enhanced computed tomography(CT)data can accurately reproduce the anatomical structure of complex aortic aneurysm(AA)and aortic dissection(AD)into a 3D printed model.Methods:Contrast-enhancedCT images of ten patients with aortic disease were processed and 3D-printed models ofaortic aneurysm and aortic dissection were generated.The lumen diameters of 5 anatomical markers in the three stages of the generations of the models were measured.The three-stage images are:the original contrast-enhanced CT image,the computerized model in the standard Tessellation language(STL)format for 3D printing,and the contrast-enhanced CT image of the physical model of 3D printing.For aortic dissection,the true and false lumen diameters of two locations along the descending aorta were measured and compared also.Results:The structure and pathological anatomy of the complex aortic disease were successfully reconstructed with in 3D printed models of PLA using FDM technology.The mean difference of transverse diameter of aortic dissection and aortic aneurysm in contrast enhanced CT scanning before and after 3D printing was 1.1 mm and 1.3mm,respectively,and the standard deviations both were 0.5mm.For the AD model,the mean difference between the true and false inner diameter of the 3D printing model and the original CT image was 0.7mm.Conclusion:The 3D printed model is of great value in reproducing the anatomical details of aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection.However,the high standard deviation of vessel diameter indicates that the accuracy of the 3D printing model still needs to be further studied.Objective:This study attempted to apply the medical image registration technology to the follow-up study of dilated aortic diseases.In combination with the first part of this study,the feasibility of color 3D printing of the vascular elastic registration map was discussed.Methods:A retrospective analysis of image data archived in the PACS(picture archiving and communication system)of the second affiliated hospital of Kunming Medical University in Jan 2015-Dec 2018.Retrieve 4 cases of chronic aortic dilate diseases(chronic aortic aneurysm and chronic Stanford type B aortic dissection)whose are adult(>18 years old)diagnosed with aorta CTA,and at least 3 times heart switch control CTA were did in these patients.Through image segmentation,format conversion,CTA images of patients with different time point elastic registration and obtain the aortic wall space change of Jacobian(J),Jacobian determinant,the extracted image Jacobian determinant of import Matlab image coding information,take absolute value |J|,and get the deformation rate(|J|/year),finally with spatial information |J|values for color coding and three-dimensional aortic mask after fusion.The value of the determinant(|J|/year)was mapped to the original CTA image with pseudo-color gradient for visualization,and the three-dimensional change of the shape of the aortic wall was analyzed and quantified by the determinant and color.Results:4 patients' jacobian images of CTA were obtained.The absolute value of the spatial jacobian determinant,|J| represents the scaling level of each voxel in the coordinate transformation of the aortic wall,|J|=1,means no volume change,|J|>,1,expansion,and |J|<1,contraction.According to the size of |J|(/year),different colors are given to the image.The larger the value of |J|,the darker the color(red),and the smaller the value of IJI,the lighter the color(blue).Conclusions:According to previous cases,elastic registration of medical images can be used to evaluate the geometric changes of chronic aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection aortic wall,with the subtle deformation,distribution range and rule of expansion of aortic wall are difficult to be evaluated by conventional imaging examination.In addition,the color 3D printing technology can be used to materialize the blood vessel elastic registration map,so that it can be more intuitively to display the size change of the aorta. |
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