| Dendrobium is documented as early as in “Shen Nong's Herbal Classic”.Dendrobii Caulis(‘Shihu')is the fresh or dried stems of Dendrobium nobile Lindl.,Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl.,Dendrobium fimbriatum Hook.and similar species.Dendrobii Officinalis Caulis(‘Tiepishihu')is derived from dry stem of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo(D.officinale).Both of them have the ability to promote Stomach fluid,nourish Yin and clear Heat.At present,Dendrobium is mainly distributed in Anhui,Zhejiang,Fujian,Yunnan and other places.Huoshan County in Anhui Province is Dao-di area.Ancient books had recorded: Dendrobium huoshanense C.Z.Tang et S.J.Cheng(D.huoshanense)is regarded as the “Dao-di herb”,exhibiting best quality and curative effects.D.huoshanense is abundant in pharmacological effects such as anti-oxidation,liver protection,immunity regulation,anti-cataract action,promotion of saliva production and so on.However,the material basis of it remain unclear.In this study,the chemical constituents were analyzed systematically between D.huoshanense and D.officinale which are from Huoshan County by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS).And anti-oxidative activity were studied between D.huoshanense and D.officinale which are from Huoshan County.An high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)method was establish for the simultaneous determination of polyphenol components from Dendrobium.And the contents of polyphenol components from Dendrobium in various origins and varieties.These results provide the material basis of D.huoshanense,and lay a foundation for the clinical application of Dendrobium.The main results are as following:1.The analysis of methanol extract of D.huoshanense and D.officinale Grown in Huoshan County by HPLC-MS An HPLC-MS technique was used to qualitatively analyze the chemical constituents of the methanol extract of D.huoshanense and D.officinale.The structures of 43 compounds were elucidated.Among them,Oxidized resveratrol,Quercetin-3-O-glucoside,Naringenin-7-O-glucoside and Quercetin-3-O-arabinoside were identified for the first time from Dendrobium.A total of 40 compounds were identified from D.huoshanense and 32 compounds were identified from D.officinale.There were 29 kinds of compounds in common,which were 10 flavonoids,10 bibenzyls,3 phenanthrenes,2 amides,2 phenolic acids,1 phenolic acid,1 steroid and 1 other compounds.The relative peak areas of Syringic acid,Oxidized resveratrol,Naringenin,Dihydro resveratrol,Denbinobin and Dihydroapigenin compounds in D.huoshanense was larger than that of D.officinale.There were 14 different components.6-C-(?-Arabinopyranosyl)-1-C-[(2-O-?-rhamnopyranosyl)-?-golactopyranosyl]-apigenin was a special component of D.huoshanense,and Isovitexin was a special component of D.officinale.2.The analysis of different polar fractions in water extracts from D.huoshanense and D.officinale Grown in Huoshan County by HPLC-MS An HPLC-MS technique was used to qualitatively analyze the chemical constituents of different polar fractions in water extracts from D.huoshanense and D.officinale.The structures of 49 compounds were elucidated,which were 27 compounds in n-butanol extract,31 compounds in ethyl acetate extract and 7 compounds in petroleum ether extract.Among them,Naringenin-7-O-glucoside,Baicalin,Hesperidin,Vitexin,Apigenin-6-C-pentosyl-8-C-(2?-O-quinoyl)-glucoside and Quercetin-3-O-glucoside were identified for the first time from Dendrobium.A total of 43 compounds were identified from D.huoshanense and 29 compounds were identified from D.officinale.There were 23 kinds of compounds in common,which were 8 flavonoids,8 bibenzyls,4 phenanthrenes,1 phenolic acid,1 steroid and 1 other compounds.Among them,the relative peak areas of Apigenin-6,8-di-C-?-L-arabinoside,Apigenin-6-C-?-L-arabinoside-8-C-?-D-xylose,Baicalin,Isoschaftoside,2,4,7-trihydroxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene and(7S,8S,8R)-4,4-Dihydroxy-3,3,5,5-tetramethoxy-7,9-epoxylignan-9-ol-7-one compounds in D.huoshanense was larger than that of D.offcinale.There were 26 different components.Apigenin-6-C-pentosyl-8-C-(2?-O-quinoyl)-glucoside,6-C-(?-Arabinopyranosyl)-1-C-[(2-O-?-rhamnopyranosyl)-?-golactopyranosyl]-apigenin,6-C-(?-Xylopyranosyl)-1-C-[(2-O-?-rhamnopyranosyl)-?-golactopyranosyl]-apigenin,Naringin and 6-C-[(2-O-?-Rhamnopyranosyl)-?-glucopyranosyl]-1-C-(?-arabinopyranosyl)-apigenin were special components of D.huoshanense,and Isovitexin,Vitexin and Isoviolanthin were special components of D.officinale.Comprehensive analysis of the above HPLC-MS results between D.huoshanense and D.officinale.The structures of 66 compounds were elucidated.A total of 61 compounds were identified from D.huoshanense and 49 compounds were identified from D.officinale.Oxidized resveratrol,Quercetin-3-O-glucoside,Naringenin-7-O-glucoside,Quercetin-3-O-arabinoside,Baicalin,Hesperidin,Vitexin and Apigenin-6-C-pentosyl-8-C-(2?-O-quinoyl)-glucoside,Quercetin-3-O-glucoside were identified for the first time from Dendrobium.There were 44 common compounds and 22 different components.17 compounds existed in D.huoshanense,and 5 compounds existed in D.officinale.It can be seen that the chemical composition of D.huoshanense and D.officinale grown in Huoshan County is obviously different,and the variety and high content of low molecular weight compounds was higher in D.huoshanense.3.Study on anti-oxidant activity of different polar fractions and water extracts from D.huoshanense and D.officinale Grown in Huoshan County The antioxidant activities of different polar fractions and water extracts from D.huoshanense and D.officinale were studied by four methods such as determination of free radical scavenging power of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)and ·OH,determination of reducing power and total anti-oxidant ability measurement method.The results showed that n-butanol extract of D.huoshanense and D.officinale had good anti-oxidant activity,and the anti-oxidantion of D.huoshanense were higher than that of D.officinale.4.HPLC-MS analysis of methanol extract and determination of polyphenol components from Dendrobium in different origins and different varieties The chemical constituents of polyphenols in methanol extract of Dendrobium by HPLC-MS was analyzed.The structures of 10 compounds were elucidated,which were polyphenols and named as Syringic acid,Apigenin-6-C-?-L-arabinoside-8-C-?-D-xylose,Apigenin-6-C-?-D-xylose-8-C-?-L-arabinoside,Syringin,Oxidized resveratrol,Rutin,Naringenin,et al.Among them,Oxidized resveratrol was first identified in Dendrobium.An HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of four kinds of polyphenols such as Syringic acid,Oxidized resveratrol,Rutin and Naringenin from Dendrobium in various origins and varieties.There were certain differences among the contents of four polyphenols from Dendrobium in different origins and varieties.Four polyphenolic components were determined simultaneously in D.huoshanense and D.officinale.And the polyphenols in D.huoshanense were higher than that of D.officinale,which were 14.81~32.30,28.62~56.62,22.94~27.23 and 157.85~178.00 ?g/g.The polyphenols from D.huoshanense in Huoshan were higher than that in other origins,which were 25.50~32.30,13.62~15.58,23.65~23.87 and 113.35~117.11 ?g/g.Only three kinds of polyphenols such as Syringic acid,Oxidized resveratrol and Naringenin,were determined in D.moniliforme.Three kinds of polyphenols such as Syringic acid,Rutin and Naringenin were determined in D.henanense,and two kinds of polyphenols such as Syringic acid and Naringenin were determined in D.aphyllum.Only one polyphenol of Syringic acid was determined in D.devoninum and D.nobile.The results showed that the polyphenols of Dendrobium in different origins and varieties were significantly different,and which in D.huoshanense were the highest. |
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