| Objective:In recent years,the incidence of diabetes in the world is increasing year by year,seriously affecting people's quality of life.The disease control of chronic disease emphasizes on prevention and cure.Prediabetes is an important transitional period before the onset of diabetes and the only stage that can reverse the development of diabetes.Therefore,it has become a universal concern of the world to control the development of pre-diabetes into diabetes through appropriate ways.Exercise therapy has been proven to be an effective treatment for pre-diabetes,allowing blood sugar to be effectively controlled for a long time.However,patients with pre-diabetes tend to be younger than those with diabetes,and they may not be able to exercise enough due to work strain,family burden,insufficient exercise time,lack of exercise knowledge and other problems.It is not easy to insist on voluntary regular exercise.And it is easy to cause different degrees of physical injury due to inappropriate exercise.Therefore,it is urgent for professionals to provide exercise guidance and supervision for patients with pre-diabetes.The purpose of this study was to explore the family self-help exercise intervention model suitable for patients with pre-diabetes,and to develop personalized exercise programs based on the characteristics of patients with pre-diabetes.To provide theoretical and practical basis for controlling and delaying the development of pre-diabetes and helping patients with pre-diabetes return to normal.Methods: 30 female patients with pre-diabetes were recruited(2 were lost).All the 30 subjects were officially diagnosed as pre-diabetes by the hospital,and their ages ranged from 45 to 60 years old.Subjects were enrolled according to the diagnostic criteria of pre-diabetes in 2010,and there were no contraindications to exercise.All subjects were informed of the risks of the experimental study before the experiment and voluntarily signed the informed consent.It is known that 30 subjects have a certain daily exercise habit.The 30 subjects were randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group and the control group,with 15 people in each group.The following indicators were tested by conventional physique measurement:body shape indicators: height,weight,waist circumference,hip circumference,body fat percentage,abdominal fat and visceral fat surface area,etc;body function indexes: vital capacity,maximum oxygen uptake,muscle strength of the arms,trunk,knee and ankle,and muscle endurance;blood biochemical indexes: triglycerides,total cholesterol,high-density lipoprotein,low-density lipoprotein,glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin,etc;psychological status assessment: self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),self-rating depression scale(SDS)and general well-being scale(GWB).According to the test data,the design of family self-help exercise intervention pattern was completed and the exercise intervention training was completed three times a week for 60 minutes each time for 12 weeks.During the experiment,no dietary control was conducted,and the subjects maintained their original lifestyle except for the exercise program designed.Subjects were tested with the same index and method after the experiment.All the experimental data were statistically processed by SPSS22.0 software to calculate the mean and standard deviation,as well as the difference test before and after the experiment and between groups,significance level was P < 0.05.The effects of the exercise intervention model were compared and summarized.Results:1.After 12 weeks of exercise intervention,the subject's body morphology changed.The area of BMI,WHR,body fat %,abdominal fat and visceral fat in the experimental group were all improved compared to the pre-intervention area.Among them,body fat %,abdominal fat and visceral fat showed a significant decrease;Compared with the control group,BMI was significantly reduced;There was no significant change before and after each index in the control group.2.After 12 weeks of exercise intervention,the subject's body function indicators changed.The Lung capacity,VO2 max,grip force,front bending force of the trunk and back stretching force of the trunk,maximum strength and muscle endurance of the right ankle toenail flexor muscle group and maximum strength and muscle endurance of right knee flexor and extensor groups are all better than they were before the intervention.Among them,VO2 max,the front bending force of the trunk and the back stretching force of the trunk improved significantly.Compared with the control group,the maximum strength and muscle endurance of pulmonary activity,ankle toenail muscle group and right knee muscle group improved significantly.There was no significant change before and after each index in the control group.3.After 12 weeks of exercise intervention,the subject's blood biochemical indicators changed.The differences of fasting blood sugar,postprandial 2H blood sugar,fasting insulin,postprandial 2H insulin and insulin resistance were more significant than before intervention,among them,fasting insulin,postprandial 2H blood sugar and fasting insulin showed very significant differences;There were significant differences between the experimental group and the control group between fasting blood sugar,postprandial 2H blood sugar and fasting insulin.There was no significant change before and after the control group.4.After 12 weeks of exercise intervention,the SAS score,SDS score,and GWB score of the experimental group were significantly different from those before the intervention,in which the SAS score and SDS score show a very significant difference.There was a significant difference in SDS score between the experimental group and the control group;Comparison between control groups showed no significant change in each indicator.Conclusion:In this study,we designed a self-service exercise intervention model centered on pre-diabetic women,and divided the subjects into experimental group and control group to observe and successfully complete 12 weeks exercise intervention.Through the analysis and discussion of the experimental results,the following conclusions are drawn:1.The family self-help exercise intervention model can effectively improve BMI,WHR,body fat percentage,abdominal fat,visceral fat area and other body shape indicators in patients with pre-diabetes.This suggests that the family self-help exercise intervention pattern can reduce the risk factors related to diabetes.2.The family self-help exercise intervention model can effectively improve the pre-diabetes patients' vital capacity,VO2 max,grip strength,trunk strength,knee joint and ankle joint maximum motivity and muscle endurance and other physical function indicators.This suggests that this exercise pattern can effectively improve the functional level of pre-diabetes.3.The family self-help exercise intervention model can effectively improve blood glucose level,insulin secretion,glycosylated serum protein level,and has an important effect on the improvement of glucose and lipid metabolism.In addition,insulin sensitivity was increased and insulin resistance was significantly improved.The results provide a reference for the prevention and control of diabetes mellitus.4.The family self-help exercise intervention model can effectively regulate anxiety,depression and other adverse emotions of patients with pre-diabetes,improve the overall well-being,and play an indispensable role in the outcome of the disease.5.The family self-service exercise intervention model has obvious effect on the disease control and rehabilitation of diabetic patients,and is economical and safe.The design is reasonable and feasible,which is worthy of further promotion and application. |
PDF Full Text Request