Itinerant Medical Investigation In Rural Areas Of Beijing (1965-early 1980s)

Rural itinerant medical service is a policy and system for urban medical staff to support rural health construction.It is also an important way to complement the rural cooperative medical system and integrate urban and rural public health construction.Beijing has abundant medical and health resources.It is the earliest,most adequately staffed and long-lasting area for rural itinerant medical treatment in China.From the beginning of the founding of New China to 1965,it was the exploratory period of rural itinerant medical treatment in Beijing.Health workers from districts,counties and commune health centers went to the countryside in the form of itinerant medical treatment to prevent and treat diseases for farmers.In January 1965,the Ministry of Health issued the "Report on the Work of Preventing and Treating Diseases and Diseases in Rural Areas with Socialist Education Campaign" and Beijing became the pilot of rural itinerant medical treatment in China,which set off an upsurge of medical treatment and medication delivery in rural areas by central units,municipal,district and county medical institutions and unit health personnel.Since the establishment of rural cooperative medical system in Beijing in 1969,the task of training barefoot doctors has been added to the rural itinerant medical service.Together with barefoot doctors,urban medical workers have made great contributions to rural health.In the process of practice,Beijing's rural itinerant medical service has been continuously improved,and urban support for rural health has gradually become a fixed system.In the absence of public health in rural areas,rural itinerant medical treatment eased the difficulties of farmers seeking medical treatment,and trained a number of medical teams volunteering to take root in rural areas.In the early 1980 s,with the shift of the focus of health care and the disintegration of the rural cooperative medical system,the rural itinerant medical service in Beijing gradually disappeared in people's vision.The purpose of this paper is to use the original archives and health records of all districts and counties in Beijing to sort out the historical context of rural itinerant medical care in Beijing,compare the similarities and differences of the development of rural itinerant medical care in different periods,summarize its tasks and methods of work,and analyze the contribution of rural itinerant medical care in Beijing to the growth of urban medical personnel and rural construction and development in suburbs.This article is divided into four parts.The first part traces back to the historical origin of Beijing rural itinerant medical treatment from 1949 to 1965,which is the preliminary exploration period of Beijing rural itinerant medical treatment.The second part introduces the comprehensive launch period of Beijing rural itinerant medical treatment from 1965 to 1968,which mainly covers the background and process of itinerant medical treatment,personnel composition and geographical distribution,main tasks and characteristics,etc.After the establishment of rural cooperative medical system,the development and decline of rural itinerant medical care in Beijing from 1969 to early 1980 s are introduced.The fourth part reflects on rural itinerant medical care in Beijing,including overall evaluation and inspiration.