| Objective:To study the status of hypertension,diabetes,coronary heart disease,stroke,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other risk factors in Xinjiang.Based on the analysis of the status of chronic heart and lung diseases in Xinjiang and the premise of Xinjiang health work,this paper proposes strategic suggestions for the formulation of prevention and treatment of chronic heart and lung diseases in Xinjiang.Methods:1.Epidemiological investigation:Taking the resident population of 15 years old and above in Xinjiang as the survey objects.Four-stage stratified random sampling method was used to select the survey objects.Dividing into two layers according to urban and rural areas in the Xinjiang,and using the Probability Proportional to Size(PPS)within each layer to extract the required number of districts/counties;in the district/county that is being pumped using the Simple Random Sampling(SRS)method to extract two streets/townships;in the selected streets/townships,a simple random sampling method was used to select three residential/village committees;the committee used a simple random sampling method to randomly select survey individuals.2.Literature survey:Collecting and reviewing the current epidemiology of diseases such as hypertension,diabetes,coronary heart disease,stroke,and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Xinjiang;learning about Xinjiang's prevention and control measures and their effects;understanding prevention and control measures and policy status which is targeted at hypertension,diabetes,coronary heart disease,stroke,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Xinjiang.3.Expert interview method:Through qualitative interviews with experts in related fields,learning about the distribution of health resources in Xinjiang,and understanding evaluation of existing policies and measures for chronic heart and lung diseases in Xinjiang of experts and suggestions for the next step in prevention and control policies.Results:1.The prevalence of chronic cardiopulmonary diseasesThe project survey results showed that the prevalence of hypertension in Xinjiang was 18.35%,the prevalence in urban areas was 20.25%,and the prevalence in rural areas was 17.16%.The prevalence in southern Xinjiang was 9.75%,and that in northern Xinjiang was 21.5%.The prevalence of diabetes in Xinjiang was 6.27%,of which the prevalence was 6.68%in males and 5.85%in females,the prevalence in southern Xinjiang was 6.62%,and the prevalence in northern Xinjiang was 5.11%.The prevalence of hyperlipidemia in the population aged 35 years and over in Xinjiang was 22.35%.The prevalence of hyperlipidemia in males and females was 27.31%and 17.35%respectively,with no significant gender differences.The prevalence in southern Xinjiang was 22.51%,and that in northern Xinjiang was 22.11%.The prevalence of coronary heart disease in Xinjiang was 0.36%,of which the prevalence in males was 0.5%,and the prevalence in females was 0.22%.Males were higher than females.The prevalence rate in southern Xinjiang was 0.34%and that in northern Xinjiang was 0.37%.The prevalence of stroke in Xinjiang was 0.80%,of which the prevalence was 0.92%in males and 0.68%in females.The prevalence in urban areas was 1.68%,compared with 0.25%in rural areas.The prevalence rate was 0.06%in southern Xinjiang and 1.09%in northern Xinjiang.The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Xinjiang was 18.66%,of which the prevalence was 22.75%in males and 14.63%in females,and males were higher than females.The prevalence in southern Xinjiang was 7.73%,while the prevalence in northern Xinjiang was 21.42%.2.Investigation of risk factors of chronic cardiopulmonary diseases in XinjiangThe results of the project survey showed that the overweight rate in Xinjiang was 31.90%,of which males were overweight at 34.45%and females were overweight at 28.93%.Men were higher than females.The overweight rate in urban areas was 36.92%,and the overweight rate in rural areas was 28.51%.The rate of overweight in southern Xinjiang was 19.34%,while that in northern Xinjiang was 36.47%.The obesity rate in Xinjiang was 17.52%,of which male obesity rate was 18.67%and female obesity rate was 16.16%.The obesity rate was 18.93%in urban areas and 16.49%in rural areas.The obesity rate in southern Xinjiang was 6.32%,and the obesity rate in northern Xinjiang was 21.69%.The smoking rate in Xinjiang was 21.92%,of which male smoking rate was 42.01%,and female smoking rate was 1.43%.Males were significantly higher than females.The smoking rate was 26.57%in urban areas and 19.05%in rural areas.The smoking rate was 17.75%in southern Xinjiang and 23.52%in northern Xinjiang.The drinking rate in Xinjiang was 8.75%,of which the male drinking rate was 16.4%and the female drinking rate was 0.95%,males were significantly higher than females.The drinking rate in urban areas was 14.12%,while that in rural areas was 5.43%.The drinking rate was 2.89%in southern Xinjiang and 11%in northern Xinjiang.3.Correlation analysis of chronic cardiopulmonary diseases and risk factors in XinjiangProject analysis showed that overweight,obesity,and previous smoking were risk factors for hypertension,which were the same as those of other similar studies.There was no data from the project survey that showed altitude was related to high blood pressure.The project analysis results showed that previous smoking was a risk factor for coronary heart disease.No data from the project survey showed that altitude was associated with coronary heart disease.Project analysis showed that overweight and previous smoking were risk factors for stroke,which were the same as those of other similar studies.There was no data from the project survey showing that elevation was associated with stroke.The results of the project analysis showed that smoking,especially past smoking,was a prominent risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,which was the same as other similar studies.There was no data from the project survey showing that altitude was associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Combined with field epidemiological investigation of the status quo of chronic heart and lung diseases in Xinjiang and literature,data query and analysis,summarizing the following characteristics of chronic heart and lung disease in Xinjiang:1.The lifestyle factors obviously affected of chronic heart and lung disease in Xinjiang.2.There were significant differences among ethnic groups in chronic heart and lung diseases in Xinjiang.3.There were significant differences in regional chronic heart and lung diseases in Xinjiang.4.Hypertension should become the focus of prevention and control of chronic heart and lung disease.5.Tobacco control should become an important measure for prevention and control of chronic heart and lung diseases.Conclusion:Various studies have shown that chronic heart and lung diseases have become important factors affecting the improvement of life expectancy in Xinjiang.Combined with the features of chronic heart and lung diseases in Xinjiang,and the characteristics of local health conditions,policies and measures,this paper intends to provide suggestions for the prevention and treatment of chronic heart and lung diseases in Xinjiang from the following aspects:1.Changing lifestyle and improve health literacy.2.According to the differences between southern and northern Xinjiang,taking targeted measures.3.Hypertension is the entry point for prevention and treatment of chronic heart and lung diseases.4.To strengthen the work of tobacco control.5.To strengthen early prevention and reduce risk in key populations.6.To promote the prevention and control of chronic heart and lung disease in Xinjiang with demonstration areas.7.Adhering to the combination of prevention and treatment to promote overall health management.8.To strengthen the construction of talent team.9.Improving security policies and reduce the burden on the people. |
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