| Potato is a kind of Solanaceae herbaceous plant,growing all over the world,is the fourth largest source of food for human beings.Starch potato in potato is one of the important raw materials in grain production in China.In recent years,with the implementation of the strategy of rural revitalization,the rural secondary and tertiary industries have developed rapidly,and the rural labor force has gradually decreased.In the process of mechanized potato harvesting,seedling killing has become an inevitable trend.Seedling killing can prevent potato harvester from being wound by seedling stem and improve the quality of potato harvest.In this paper,aiming at the problem of potato seedling killing machine,the working principle and stem physical characteristics of potato seedling killing machine are analyzed,and the blade design is improved.Taking the qualified rate of stem and leaf breaking length,stubble height and potato injury rate of seedling killing machine as experimental indexes,under the condition of meeting the production requirements,the qualified rate of stem and leaf breaking length was high,the rate of potato carrying was low,and the stubble was short.The findings are as follows:(1)The physical characteristics of potato seedlings during harvest period were studied,and the maximum cutting force and tensile force needed to destroy the stems were obtained.According to the test of physical characteristics of potato seedlings,it is concluded that when the linear speed of the blade is not lower than that of 25.1m/s,the stem can be broken.(2)The structure of the improved blade is determined by comparing and analyzing the existing structure of the riser,and the structural parameters of the improved blade are obtained by referring to the hammer claw saver.The forward inclination angle of the improved blade is treated with wear resistance to increase the life of the blade.There are hammer claws on both sides so that the center of mass of the knife body is in the central position of the handle,which makes the seedling killing machine more stable in operation.Through theoretical calculation,it is concluded that the blade of the seedling killing machine is 24,and the blade adopts the staggered balance arrangement mode.(3)Through the single factor test,the value range of each factor is obtained,the orthogonal combination test design is carried out,and the test data are processed by Design software.It is concluded that the optimum parameter combination of the seedling killing(4)machine operation is as follows: the rotating speed of the cutter roller is 1437?1503r/min.The speed of seedling killing machine is 6.5~7.5km/h,the height of the blade on the ridge is 85~105mm,and the qualified rate of stem and leaf breaking length is 94.2%~95.5%,the stubble height range was 91~112.7mm,the rate of potato carrying was 0.35%~0.47%.Under the optimal combination of parameters The results of field experiment showed that the qualified rate of stem and leaf breaking length was 96.1%,the stubble height was 98 mm,and the potato carrying rate was 0.49%,which met the design requirements.In order to solve the problems of high missed beating rate and low qualified rate of broken length of stem and leaf in the operation of potato seedling killing machine,this paper puts forward the optimization of blade shape and arrangement,and carries on the field experiment after processing and making seedling killing machine.The improved blade can effectively reduce the missed beating rate of potato seedling killing machine,and also improve the qualified rate of stem and leaf breaking length of potato seedling killing machine,which provides a reference for the next research of potato seedling killing machine. |
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