| The wattle is a finger-shaped tissue which located in the side of the neck.Although the wattle is a common tissue in domesticated goats,the correlation between wattles and goats productive performances maintains unknown.In this study,the length,perimeter and histomorphology of wattles in Nanjiang yellow goat was observed to investigate the relationship between wattle and goats productive perforances.Then the single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP)of the ARHGAP11A gene were detected.The polymorphism of the ARHGAP11A gene in the locus of the wattles trait loci(Chr10:25 Mb-28 Mb)was also detected.Results are as follows:(1)In the Nanjiang yellow goat(n = 683),the wattles individual ratio was 4.4%(30/683),of which 4 were unilateral wattles.The tissue structure of the wattles includes four layers of epidermis,dermis,subcutaneous tissue and intermediate cartilage.There was a significant positive correlation between the length of the beard and the circumference(P<0.01).However,the length of unilateral wattles was not significantly correlated with circumference(P>0.05).(2)The average birth weight of the meat-bearded lamb was significantly higher than that of the non-bearded lamb(2.37±0.53 kg vs.2.21 ±0.31 kg),but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).From the beginning of 2 months,the body weight of meatless beard was higher than that of meat beard,and the difference was significant after 6 months of age(P<0.01),the difference was up to 3.0 kg(P<0.01)at 24 months of age.(3)From weaning(2 months old)to adult(24 months old),the body size with wattles is generally less than non-wattles goats.At 2 months of age,the body length with wattles was significantly lower than that of the non-wattles individuals(P<0.01),and the difference was not significant(P<0.05)at 12 months.During the 2 months to 6 months of age,body height of non-wattles was higher about 2.0 cm than the wattles kids(P<0.01).At the 12 months,body height difference decreased(P<0.05),but the difference was not significant at adults(P>0.05).At 2 months of age,there was no significant difference in bust between the two individuals(P>0.05).After 2 months to adulthood,the bust of the non-wattles was significantly higher than that of the wattles(P<0.01).(4)Wether the primiparous or multiparous ewes,there was no significant difference in the lambing rate between groups with wattles and non-wattles(P>0.05).The length of scrotum and scrotal circumference were higher than those of non-wattleed rams,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).(5)A total of 13 SNPs were found in the ARHGAP11A gene of Nanjiang Yellow goat.Eight SNPs were located in the exons.Five mutations resulted in amino acid mutations,which were g.20699T>C,g.20703G>A,g.20760G>A,g.20765G>A and g.20803G>A.However,further analysis revealed that these mutant types were present in goat individuals with wattles and non-wattles,and there were no mutations in the individual or other regular distribution of wattles.(6)The correlation analysis of g.21378A>G locus polymorphism at 3'UTR of ARHGAP11A gene and the body weight,body length,body height and chest circumference of different growth stages of Nanjiang goat showed that the body weight,such as birth weight and yearling weight,of AG genotype individuals and GG genotype individuals were different significantly(P<0.05).There was significant difference between the GG genotype and the body circumference of AA and AG genotype(P<0.05). |
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